MODULE I - BASIC BRAIN ACTIVITY Flashcards
(A) BRAIN (B) NEURONS (C) HEMISPHERES (D) LOBES (E0 LANDMARKS
What are the primary functions of the ventricles in the brain?
production and distribution of cerebral spinal fluid
How many main ventricles are there in the brain, and what are they called?
There are four main ventricles in the brain: two lateral ventricles, the third ventricle, and the fourth ventricle. The ventricles of the brain are filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
what is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?
clear colorless liquid that that forms a protective layer around the brain; also removes toxins
what is hydrocephalus - revise further and add more (important)
when CSF circulation is blocked (perhaps by a tumor)
where is brocas found?
in the left frontal lobe, near the temporal
in the vast majority of people where does brocas reside
in the left cerebral hemisphere, above the Sylvian fissure
what is the important role of brocas
Language production, both speech and written
What is brocas aphasia?
Patients will experience difficulty in finding words and phrases
function of wernicke’s area
language comprehension, understanding speech and written language
where is wernicke’s area
in the cortex of the left cerebral hemisphere of the brain, typically in the posterior part, near the junction between the temporal and parietal lobes
what is wernicke’s aphasia
damage to the Wernicke’s region results in a deficit where patients are unable to understand words more symbols whether auditory, tactile or visual.
what is the primary somatosensory cortex is responsible for?
processing somatic sensations, or sensations from the body that include touch, proprioception (i.e. the position of the body in space), nociception (i.e. pain), and temperature
where is the primary somatosensory cortex located
in a ridge of cortex called the postcentral gyrus; posterior of the Rolandic fissure and anterior of the parietal lobe.
where is the motor cortex
is a region of the posterior of the frontal lobe known as the precentral gyrus: also anterior of the Rolandic fissure. And stretching right temporal lobe to left temporal lobe.
purpose of the motor cortex
involved with voluntary movement
what are the two primary regions of the motor cortex
primary motor cortex and the nonprimary motor cortex.
where is the primary motor cortex located
the precentral gyrus
what is the primary motor cortex responsible for
motor control of different parts of the body and contains a motor map of the body
where is the cerebellum located?
under the posterior and inferior region of the cerebral cortex (back and below of the cerbreal cortex) - and directly inferior of the occipital lobe
what are functions of the cerebellum
balance, timing, movement
what are the functions of the spinocerebellum
it is involved with posture, limb movement, and eye movements
what part of the brain has the largest collection of white matter [check/verify]
corpus callosum
what connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres
corpus callosum
describe the corpus callosum
a large, C-shaped nerve fiber bundle that stretches across the midline of the brain, connecting the left and right cerebral hemispheres and allows data/information to be transferred between hemispheres