Module D

Question 1

(D1-1) DUPLEX STABILITY
(D1-1) Sources: “ModuleD-Hybridization”, “ModuleD-PiElectrons”; NnC 8.1 p286-287, Fig.
8-9, 8-10; 8.3 p297-298, Fig. 8-26, 8-27

Answer 1

1

Question 2

(D1-1) duplex / double-stranded vs. single-stranded

Answer 2

1

Question 3

(D1-1) DNA hybridization / annealing / renaturation vs. denaturation

Answer 3

Annealing: DNA splits into two single strands

Question 4

(D1-1) RNA-DNA hybrid

Answer 4

1

Question 5

(D1-1) exocyclic group

Answer 5

1

Question 6

(D1-1) orbital hybridization (sp2 vs. sp3)

Answer 6

1

Question 7

(D1-1) hydrogen bond acceptor vs. hydrogen bond donor——

Answer 7

Hydrogen bond acceptor will be negatively charged. Donors are positively charges (thus, they want to get rid of a proton).

Question 8

(D1-1) H-bond directionality

Answer 8

If the bond is 180, H-bonding, it is stronger than if it was not 180 degrees.

Question 9

(D1-1) conjugation / delocalization

Answer 9

two double bonds separated by a single bond can interact, leading to delocalization.

Question 10

(D1-1) p orbitals / pi bonds

Answer 10

2nd orbital following 1s 2s—-

There are 3 p orbitals at most in 2nd-row elements.

Question 11

(D1-1) unshared pair

Answer 11

Pair of electrons that exact on an atom

Question 12

(D1-1) resonance hybrid vs. resonance contributor

Answer 12

1

Question 13

(D1-1) partial double-bond character

Answer 13

Result of delocalization and resonance

Question 14

(D1-1) tautomeric forms of nucleobases (NOT names of different forms)

Answer 14

1

Question 15

(D1-1) melting (applies to DNA, not protein)

Answer 15

1

Question 16

(D1-1) melting temperature (tm)

Answer 16

1

Question 17

(D1-1) GC- vs AT-rich sequences

Answer 17

1

Question 18

(D1-1) UV light absorption at 260 nm

Answer 18

1

Question 19

(D1-1) hypochromic effect vs. hyperchromic effect

Answer 19

1