Module 9 (vocabulary is on Biology ipad app) Flashcards
Where did Darwin do most of the work which led to his hypothesis of evolution?
He did most of his research while he was on the HMS Beagle.
What was the main idea that Thomas Malthus’s work gave to Darwin?
Malthus believed in a constant struggle for survival.
What was the main idea that Sir Charles Lyell’s work gave to Darwin?
Lyell came up with the idea that the present is the key to the past. He thought the entire geological column could be explained by referring to the same processes that we see happening today.
What age-old concept was Darwin able to dispel with his research?
Darwin dispelled the idea of immutability of the species.
Suppose a herd of horses were living in an area where food near the ground was scarce but there was plenty of food in the trees. If, after several generations, the horses gave rise to giraffes that could easily reach the food in the trees, would this be an example of microevolution or macroevolution?
macroevolution
Consider a fish population that is trying to survive under conditions of extremely cold water. If, over several generations, the fish develop thicker fat layers under their skin for better insulation, is this an example of microevolution or macroevolution?
microevolution
From a genetic point of view, what is the main difference between microevolution and macroevolution?
In microevolution, the same genetic code exists throughout the change. The changes that occur are simply the result of variation within that genetic code. In order for macroevolution to occur, information must be added to the genetic code, essentially creating a new genetic code.
In this module, we studied four main sets of data: the geological column, the fossil record, structural homology, and molecular biology. For each set of data, indicate whether it is evidence for or against macroevolution or if it is inconclusive. Briefly explain why?
The geological column: This data is inconclusive as far as macroevolution is concerned.
The fossil record: This data is strong evidence against macroevolution.
Structural homology: This data is strong evidence against macroevolution.
Molecular biology: This data is strong evidence against macroevolution.
Name two creatures that macroevolutionists claim are intermediate links and why they are not really intermediate links.
Australopithecus afarensis is supposed to be an intermediate link between man and ape. However, every bone that we have found of this creature indicates it is an ape. Thus, it is safest to assume that it is an ape. Archaeopteryx is supposed to link birds and reptiles, but once again the fossils tell us it is just a bird.
What is the Cambrian Explosion? Why is it a problem for macroevolution?
every major animal phylum in creation can be found in Cambrian rock; it represents two problems for macroevolution: 1-There is no way macroevolutionists can understand how macroevolution proceeded so quickly during those times 2-there are just no intermediate links
What are the four ways a bacterium can become resistant to an antibiotic?
conjugation, transformation, transduction, or mutation
If a bacterium has a mutation that makes it resistant to an antibiotic, does information get added to its genetic code?
no information is added
See page 298, #15
the protein in (c) is most similar
Based on macroevolutionary assumptions, which organism’s cytochrome C should most resemble that of a yeast: a kangaroo or a bacterium?
A bacterium’s cytochrome C
What main problem with Darwin’s hypothesis did neo-Darwinism hope to solve?
Neo-Darwinism hoped to provide a mechanism by which information could be added to the genetic code of an organism.
