Module 9 Terms Flashcards
Adjustment of the eye for seeing objects at various distances, accomplished by the ciliary muscle, which controls the lens of the eye, allowing it to flatten or thicken as is needed for distant or near vision
accommodation
A chronic metabolic condition in adults caused by oversecretion of growth hormones by the pituitary gland, characterized by widening and thickening of skeletal bones in the face, jaw, hands, and feet
acromegaly
An inequality of the diameter of the pupils of the two eyes.It can be normal (physiologic - affects about 20% of people). If a new onset, it can be a sign of an underlying medical condition.
anisocoria
An opaque ring, gray to white in color that surrounds the periphery of the cornea can be a normal consequence of aging or caused by cholesterol deposits or hyaline degeneration.
arcus senilis
An abnormal condition of the eye in which the light rays cannot be focused clearly in a point on the retina because the spheric curve of the cornea or lens is not equal in all meridians
astigmatism
Partial or complete opacification of the ocular lens or capsule, which impairs vision; common in older adults
cataract
Earwax, a yellowish or brownish waxy secretion produced by vestigial apocrine sweat glands in the external ear canal
cerumen
A small, nonmalignant, localized swelling of the eyelid resulting from obstruction and retained secretions of the meibomian glands
chalazion
Inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye, caused by bacterial or viral infection, allergy, or environmental factors
conjunctivitis
Nosebleed, hemorrhage from the nose, usually due to rupture of small vessels overlying the anterior part of the cartilaginous nasal septum
epistaxis
Characteristic features of the face associated with specific medical or genetic conditions
facies
An abnormal condition of elevated pressure within an eye that occurs when aqueous production exceeds aqueous outflow, resulting in damage to the optic nerve
glaucoma
An enlarged thyroid gland, usually evident as a pronounced swelling in the neck
goiter
A pathological condition characterized by an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid, usually under increased pressure, within the cranial vault and subsequent dilation of the ventricles
hydrocephalus
Inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the larynx, accompanied by edema of the vocal cords with hoarseness or loss of voice
laryngitis
The failure of the normal downward following movement of the upper eyelids on looking downward
lid lag
Small, bean-shaped masses of tissue scattered along the lymphatic system that act as filters and immune monitors
lymph nodes
Having a large head
macrocephalic
Having a small head
microcephalic
Dilation of the pupil of the eye caused by contraction of the dilator muscle of the iris
mydriasis
Constriction of the pupil if the eye due to contraction of the sphincter muscle of the iris; AKA myosis
miosis
Nearsightedness
myopia
In examining the head of an infant, the measurements are within normal range for age
normocephalic
Rapid involuntary movements of the eyeballs
nystagmus
Inflammation or infection of the external canal or the auricle of the external ear; AKA “swimmer’s ear”
otitis externa
An inflammation or infection of the middle ear, common in early childhood
otitis media
The opening between the margins of the upper and lower eyelids
palpebral fissure
Swelling of the optic disc
papilledema
The paired air-filled cavities in the bones of the face lined by mucous membrane continuous with that of the nasal cavity
paranasal sinuses
Inflammation or infection of the pharynx, usually causing a sore throat
pharyngitis
Swelling of the area surrounding the socket of the eye
periorbital edema
Hypersensitivity to light
photophobia
Inability of the eye to focus sharply on nearby objects, resulting from loss of elasticity of the crystalline lens with advancing age
presbyopia
An abnormal condition of one or both upper eyelids in which the eyelid droops because of weakness of the levator muscle or paralysis of the third cranial nerve
ptosis
Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose, usually accompanied by swelling of the mucosa and a nasal discharge
rhinitis
A screening test for hearing using a tuning fork; compares the duration of perception by bone conduction and by air conduction
Rinne test
A defect of vision in a defined area of the visual field in one or both eyes
scotoma
An abnormal ocular condition in which the visual axes of the eyes are not directed at the same point;AKA cross-eyed
strabismus
Ringing in the ears
tinnitus
A small tongue-like projection of the auricular cartilage of the ear, anterior to the external meatus
tragus
Nasal conchae, a network of bones, vessels and tissue within the nasal passageways
turbinates
A sensation of instability, giddiness, loss of equilibrium, or rotation, caused by a disturbance in the semicircular canal of the inner ear or the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem
vertigo
A hearing test in which a vibrating tuning fork is used to evaluate hearing by placing it in the midline of the skull
Weber test
A hearing test in which the examiner stands 28-24 inches from one of the patient’s ears, has the person block sound in one ear and whispers a random set of 3 numbers and letters (or three non-related words) into the other ear, asking the person to repeat what was heard.
whisper test
