Module 8 Terms Flashcards
Movement of a limb away from the midline or axis of the body
abduction
The movement of a limb toward the midline or axis of the body
adduction
Joint pain
arthralgia
Thinning of the skin surface and loss of normal skin markings; muscle wasting
atrophy
Swelling of the middle joint of the finger; characteristic of osteoarthritis
Bouchard’s nodes
A common, usually painless thickening of the stratum corneum at locations of external pressure or friction
callus
A combination of movements that causes a body part, such as the arm, to move in a circle
circumduction
A sound or feel that resembles the crackling noise heard when rubbing hair between the fingers; associated with gas gangrene, rubbing of bone fragments, air in superficial tissues; a clicking sound often heard in movement of joints, for example, in temporomandibular joint resulting from joint irregularities; AKA: crepitation
crepitus
Away from or the farthest from a point of origin or attachment
distal
Upward or backward flexion of a part of the body
dorsiflexion
Movement of the ankle to turn the sole of the foot laterally
eversion
Bending a joint so that the joint angle increases
extension
Turning outwardly or away from the midline of the body, such as when a leg is externally rotated with the toes turned outward or away from the body’s midline
external rotation
Tic, involuntary muscle contractions or twitchings of small muscle groups
fasciculation
A movement allowed by certain joints of the skeleton that decreases the angle between two adjoining bones, such as bending the elbow
flexion
Manner of walking
gait
Knock-knee, a deformity in which the legs are curved inward at the knee
genu valgum
Bowleg, a deformity in which one or both legs are bent outward at the knee
genu varum
An instrument used to measure angles, particularly range-of-motion angles of a joint
goniometer
Swelling of distal interphalangeal finger joints, characteristic of osteoarthritis
Heberden’s nodes
Movement of a joint such that it is beyond the straight or neutral position
hyperextension
An increase in the size of an organ or muscle caused by an increase in the size of the cells rather than the number of cells
hypertrophy
The turning of a limb about its axis of rotation toward the midline of the body
internal rotation
Movement of the ankle to turn the sole of the foot medially
inversion
An abnormal condition of the vertebral column, characterized by increased convexity in the curvature of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side
kyphosis
An abnormal concavity of the lumbar part of the back
lordosis
Diffuse muscle pain, usually accompanied by malaise
myalgia
A resistance to flexion of the neck, a condition seen in patients with meningitis
nuchal rigidity
Tingling, numbness, or pain in the fingers within 60 seconds of performing Phalen’s maneuver, a diagnostic test for carpal tunnel syndrome
Phalen’s sign
Moving the foot so that the toes move downward
plantar flexion
A congenital anomaly characterized by the presence of more than the normal number of fingers or toes
polydactyly
Rotation of the forearm so that the palm of the hand faces downward
pronation
Nearer to a point of reference or attachment, usually the trunk of the body, than other parts of the body
proximal
The extent of movement of a joint, measured in degrees of a circle; Acronym: ROM
range of motion
Movement of a bone around its own long axis
rotation
Abnormal lateral curvature of the vertebral column
scoliosis
Rotation of the forearm so that the palm of the hand faces upward
supination
A congenital anomaly characterized by the fusion of the fingers or toes
syndactyly
A distal tingling sensation on percussion of median nerve of the inner wrist; characteristic of carpal tunnel syndrome
Tinel’s sign
