Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Prevention and Rehabilitation of Complex Chronic Conditions > Module 9: Concussion as a Complex Chronic Condition > Flashcards

Module 9: Concussion as a Complex Chronic Condition Flashcards

1
Q

What is a concussion?

A
  • mild traumatic brain injury
  • the most common type of traumatic brain injury
  • Caused by a bump, blow or jolt to the head or a penetrating head injury
  • a complex physiological process affecting the brain, induced by a traumatic bio mechanical forces secondary to a direct or indirect forces to the head
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does a concussion include?

A
  • Affects brain functions
  • Brain becomes more sensitive to stress or injury (temporary)
  • loss of consciousness
  • Impairment
  • Different clinical profiles or sub types
  • recovery trajectories
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which part of the cerebrum is affected by a concussion

A

Choroid plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a coup?

A
  • Under the site of impact with an object

- a moving object impacts the stationary head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a contrecoup?

A
  • On the side opposite to the area that was hit

- A moving head strikes a stationary object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the primary symptoms of a mTBI

A
  • Headache
  • Dizziness
  • Neck pain
  • Nausea
  • Loss of balance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are additional symptoms of a mTBI?

A
  • Vomiting
  • poor coordination
  • trouble focusing on objects or words
  • poor concentration
  • feeling foggy
  • confusion
  • amnesia or poor memory
  • flashing lights
  • feeling off or not like oneself
  • blurred or double vision
  • seeing stars
  • irritability or emotional changes
  • ringing in ears
  • slow to follow direction
  • decreased playing ability
  • easily distracted
  • vacant stare
  • drowsiness / fatigue
  • difficulty falling asleep
  • loss of consciousness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the difference between acute mTBI and chronic mTBI?

A
  • acute presentation = fast resolution
  • chronic presentation = slow resolution
  • chronic if 3 - 6 months after injury, if deficits persist (subjectively and/or objectively) : new signs and symptoms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are most mTBIs?

A
  • Majority - acute presentation and never become chronic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the most common symptoms for post concussion syndrome?

A
  • Visual issues - binocular vision
  • headaches
  • dizziness
  • balance issues
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are some additional symptoms of post concussion syndrome?

A
  • Socially withdrawn
  • depression
  • anxiety
  • aggression
  • poor academic and work performance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is included for second impact syndrome?

A
  • return to activities too early
  • diffuse brain swelling
  • brain herniation
  • possible death
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

True or False: Second Impact Syndrome is common

A

False - rare and not well understood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is included in chronic traumatic encephalopathy?

A
  • Progressive degenerative disease (progress degeneration of brain tissue, tau protein (fibrillar tangles of hyperphosphorylated tau)
  • repetitive brain trauma
  • symptomatic concussions
  • sub concussive injuries
  • memory loss
  • confusion
  • impaired judgement
  • impulse control problems,
  • aggression
  • depression
  • suicide
  • progessive dementia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is chronic traumatic encephalopathy also known as?

A
  • Punch drunk
  • boxer’s dementia
  • Concussion suicide
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

True or False: Chronic traumatic enceophalopathy acute

A

False: chronic

17
Q

What are the three portions are noticed during chronic traumatic encephalopathy?

A
  • Macroscopically
  • Microscopically
  • Clinically
18
Q

What is involved in marcoscopically?

A
  • reduced brain volume
  • enlarged ventricles
  • reduced blood flow
  • atrophy
19
Q

What is involved in microscopically?

A
  • neuron loss
  • neurofibrillary tangles - tau protein
  • similar to Alzheimer’s
20
Q

What is involved in clinically ?

A
  • signs and symptoms
21
Q

what should be done prior to a concussion?

A
  • neurological, cognitive and physical
  • start of athletic season
  • pre-injury testing (baseline) (vs post injury testing to rehabilitate someone back to their pre-injury)
  • computerized testing of neurocognitive ability
22
Q

what does the computerized testing of neruocognitive ability include?

A
  • tests of reading speed and accuracy
  • binocular vision
  • visual acuity
  • accommodation
  • balance
23
Q

What other preventative strategies are used to prevent and manage concussions?

A
  • helmet use
  • mouth guard use
  • hitting technique
  • education
24
Q

what is concussion management?

A
  • baseline
  • full history and examination (neurological, musculoskeletal, cognitive, visual balance, addressing all presenting deficits and re testing during each visit)
  • collaboration
25
Q

What would happen without proper management of concussions?

A
  • prolonged recovery
  • long term deficits
  • predisposition
26
Q

How are the clinical symptoms managed for post traumatic headache?

A
  • tailor treatment to clinical features of headache and patient preferences
  • educate patients
27
Q

What would the patients need to be educated to manage clinical symptoms of post traumatic headache?

A
  • stimulus control
  • strategies (sleep hygiene, dietary modification, manual therapy and exercise, relaxation, environment modification)
  • maintaining a headache diary
  • pharmacological interventions for acute pain and prevention of head ache attacks
28
Q

Who is involved in the assessment portion of a concussion?

A
  • healthcare professional

- employer

29
Q

what is the healthcare professional’s responsible for when is comes to the assessment of a concussion?

A
  • identify medical restrictions that could pose risk of sustaining injury or pose potential risk to other diseases
  • identify limitations due to physical, cognitive, emotional symptoms
  • identify and document symptom triggers
30
Q

what is the employer responsible for when is comes to the assessment of a concussion?

A
  • review information on restrictions, limitations and symptom triggers
  • review information on job demands
  • identify opportunities for accommodations / work modification
31
Q

what is involved in management of concussions?

A
  • avoid activities that could increase risk of sustaining another concussion during the recovery period
  • gradually resume normal activity
  • advise that transient symptom exacerbation with increased activity are common
  • communicate restrictions/limitations to the patient’s employer with patient’s consent to facilitate appropriate accommodations
  • formulate progressive RTW plan
32
Q

what happens if patient cannot return to pre injury management?

A
  • refer for interdisciplinary vocational assessment

- consideration alternative meaningful activities that promote community integration

Prevention and Rehabilitation of Complex Chronic Conditions (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions