Module 9 Flashcards
Piaget’s Stage: birth to nearly 2 yrs.
Object permanence ; stranger anxiety
Biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior relatively influenced by experience
Maturation
Piaget’s Stage: two to about six or seven years
Pretend play ; egocentricism ; Language development
Piaget’s Stage: about 7 to 11 yrs.
Conversation; mathematical transformations
Piaget’s Stage: about 12 through adulthood
Abstract logic; potential for mature moral reasoning
Experiencing the world through senses and actions (looking touching mouthing and grasping)
Sensorimotor
Representing things with words and images; use intuitive rather than logical reasoning
Preoperational
Thinking logically about concrete events; grasping concrete analogies and performing arithmetical operations
Concrete operational
Abstract reasoning
Formal operational
A concept or framework that organizes and interprets information
Schema
Interpreting one’s new experience in terms of one’s existing schemas
Assimilation
Adapting one’s current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information
Accommodation
All the mental activities associated with thinking knowing remembering and communicating
Cognition
in Piaget’s theory the stage from birth to about two years of age during which infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities
Sensorimotor stage
The awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived
Object permanence
Piaget’s theory the stage from about 2 to 6 or seven years of age during which a child learns to use language but does not comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic
Preoperational stage
The principle which Piaget believes to be a part of concrete operational reasoning.Properties such as mass volume and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects
Conversation
In Piaget’s theory the preoperational child’s difficulty taking another’s point of view
Egocentrism
People’s ideas about their own and others’ mental states- about their feelings, perceptions, and thoughts and the behavior these might predict
Theory of mind
A disorder that appears in childhood and is marked by deficient communication social interaction and understanding of other states of mind
Autism
In Piaget’s theory the stage of cognitive development from about six or 7 to 11 years of age during which children gain the mental operations to enable them to think logically about concrete events
Concrete operational stage
In Piaget’s theory, the stage of cognitive development ( normally beginning about age 12 ) during which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts.
Formal operational stage
The fear of strangers that infants commonly display, beginning by about eight months of age.
Stranger anxiety
An emotional tie with another person; shown in young children by their seeking closeness to the caregiver and showing distress on separation.
Attachment
An optimal period Shortly after birth when an organism’s exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces proper development.
Critical period
The process by which certain animals form attachments during the critical period very early in life.
Imprinting
According to Erick Erickson, a sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy; said to be formed during infancy by appropriate experiences with responsive caregivers.
Basic trust
A sense of one’s identity and personal worth.
Self-concept
