Module 9

Question 1

Lie

Answer 1

Intentionally uttering false statement

Question 2

Act of discovering the existence, presence or facts of something hidden.

Answer 2

Detection

Question 3

Method of Detecting Deception

Answer 3

Lie Detection

Question 4

Deception

Answer 4

Act of deceiving or misleading and usually accomplished by lying.

Question 5

Refers to the instrument designed for recording changes in blood pressure, pulse rate, respiration and skin resistance as indicative of emotional disturbance especially of lying when questioned.

Refers to the scientific method of detecting deception with the use/aid of the polygraph instrument

Answer 5

Polypraphy

Question 6

Refers to a person who intentionally utters false statement.

Answer 6

Liar

Question 7

Liar

Answer 7

Refers to a person who intentionally utters false statement.

Question 8

Verbal Clues

Answer 8

Are signs of lying observed in a person through the words that are spoken, speed of delivery of words, choice of words, tone of voice and the tense of language

Question 9

Signs of lying observe in a person through patterns of body movements, gestures, facial expressions, body posture, positioning and movements used to explain chosen words

Answer 9

Non-verbal Clues

Question 10

Emblems

Answer 10

Refers to non-verbal gestures or signs that can be directly translated into or substituted for words

Question 11

Inconsistencies

Answer 11

Refers to contradicting statements / testimonies made by any person

Question 12

A physiological measure that has been shown to be related to physiological arousal;

Answer 12

Electrodermal Response

Question 13

Refers to a continuous graph on which a subject’s physiological response are registered

Answer 13

Polygraph Chart

Question 14

Subject

Answer 14

A person undergoing polygraph examination; may be a suspect, complainant, victim, witnesses, and others who are required to undergo polygraph examination

Question 15

Pneumograph

Answer 15

A component of the polygraph machine responsible in recording changes in respiration of a person undergoing polygraph examination

Question 16

Component of polygraph machine responsible in recording changes in blood pressure and pulse rate of a person undergoing polygraph examination

Answer 16

Cardiosphygmograph

Question 17

Component of polygraph machine responsible in recording changes in skin resistance of a person undergoing polygraph examination

Answer 17

Galvanograph

Question 18

Counter Measures

Answer 18

Refers to the attempt to prevent the polygraph technique from revealing untruthful answers

Question 19

Ordeal by Heat and Fire

Answer 19

where the accused person would carry a burning hot iron so many paces without being burned to prove their innocence.

Question 20

Ordeal by Water

Answer 20

Where the accused would reach into a pot of boiling water and retrieve an object. If the accused was innocent, the water would not burn their skin, but if they were guilty, then the burns would reveal their guilt.

Question 21

The aggrieved party claimed the right to fight the alleged offender or to pay a champion to fight for him. The victor is said to win not by his own strength but because of supernatural powers that had intervened on the side of the right.

Answer 21

Ordeal by Combat

Question 22

Verbal Clues of Deception

Answer 22

1. Inconsistencies - contradicting testimonies
2. Slip of the Tongue
3. Tirades
4. Pauses (too long, too frequent, or occur in inappropriate places)
5. Speed of Speech (during relevant part of the questioning)
6. Repetition of Question
7. Fragmented or Incomplete Sentences
8. Being Overly Polite

Question 23

Non-verbal Clues of Deception

Answer 23

1. Emblems (e.g. shrugging of shoulders)
2. Manipulators - usual behavior of touching one’s self such as grooming the hair, or wringing of the hands
3. Breathing (affected by stress)
4. Sweating (too much sweating can be indicative of involuntary reflex of deception)
5. Frequent Swallowing
6. Facial Muscles
7. Eyes (rapid blinking can signal emotional stress)

Question 24

Is polygraph examination result admissible in court?

Answer 24

In as much as the test requires the subject to answer the question either by “yes” or “no”, it infers the use of intelligence and attention or other mental faculties which is self-incriminatory. Therefore, a person cannot be compelled to be subjected to the test.

Question 25

Purpose of Polygraphy Examination

Answer 25

To determine truth or deception based on the presence of emotional disturbance of the subject as appearing on the recorded physiological responses to question relative to the case under investigation

Question 25

Theory of Polygraphy

Answer 25

When a mentally normal person tells a lie, physiological changes occur within his/her body that could be recorded by polygraph machine and evaluated by polygraph examiner.