Module 8 - Properties of the Nucleus

Question 1

NAME THREE SYNONYMS FOR RADIOACTIVE DECAY

Answer 1

1. NUCLEAR TRANSFORMATION
2. DISINTEGRATION
3. TRANSMUTATION

Question 2

THE MASS NUMBER RESPRESENTS…

Answer 2

NUMBER OF PROTONS AND NEUTRONS

Question 3

ATOMIC NUMBER REPRESENTS…

Answer 3

NUMPER OF PROTONS

Question 4

WHAT IS AN ISOTOPE? GIVE AN EXAMPLE

Answer 4

SAME CHEMICAL PROPERTIES BUT DIFFERENT PHYSICAL PROPERTIES, DIFFERENT MASS NUMBER BUT SAME ATOMIC NUMBER EG: LITHIUM CAN BE Li(6/3) OR Li(7/3)

Question 5

GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF A RADIOISOTOPE…

Answer 5

C12 AND C13 ARE STABLE ISOTOPES AND C14 IS RADIOACTIVE

Question 6

ORDER THE TYPES OF RADIATION IS TERMS OF THEIR PENETRATIVE POWER

Answer 6

ALPHA
BETA
GAMMA

Question 7

GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF ALPHA DECAY

Answer 7

URANIUM 238 –> THORIUM-234

Question 8

DESCRIBE FEATURES OF ALPHA DECAY…

Answer 8

• HEAVY UNSTABLE NUCLEUS EMITS ALPHA PARTICLE
• AN ALHA PARTICLE IS POSITIVELY CHARGED WITH TWO PROTONS AND TWO NEUTRONS (HELIUM NUCLEUS)
• MOVEMENT OF ALPHA PARTICLE RELEASES KINETIC ENERGY

Question 9

DESCRIBE FEATURES OF BETA DECAY…

Answer 9

• OCCURS WHEN ELECTRON OR POSITRON IS EMMITED FROM THE NUCLEUS
• OCCURS IF NUCLEAUS HAS TOO MANY NEUTRONS (MINUS) OR TOO MANY PROTONS (PLUS)
• ALSO EMMITS A NEUTRINO (PLUS) OR ANTINEUTRINO (MINUS)

Question 10

GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF BETA MINUS DECAY…

Answer 10

C14 –> N14 + ANTINEUTRINO + ELECTRON

Question 11

DESCRIBE FEATURES OF GAMMA DECAY…

Answer 11

• DAUGHTER NUCLEUS HAS EXCESS ENERGY AFTER BETA OR ALPHA DECAY
• GAMMA RAY HAS NO MASS AND NO CHARGE AND TRAVELS AT THE SPEED OF LIGHT

Question 12

GIVE AN EXMAPLE OF GAMMA DECAY…

Answer 12

IODINE-131 –> XENON-131 +BETA +ANTINEUTRINO –> XENON-131 + GAMMA RAY