module 8-pandemics Flashcards

1
Q

epidemic

A

↑ of illness in a region

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2
Q

pandemic

A

epidemic occurring worldwide or over a wide area crossing international boundaries

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3
Q

examples of epidemic

A

yellow fever, small pox, polio

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4
Q

examples of pandemic

A

influenza, Asian flu, Spanish flu

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5
Q

frequency of pandemics

A

3 pandemics per century

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6
Q

H1N1 Pandemic

A

avian origin, military
high mortality in healthy ppl: <5, 20-40, 65+

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7
Q

H2N2 Pandemic

A

asian flu- 3 diff genes- influenza A

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8
Q

H3N2 Pandemic

A

2 genes- seasonal flu- bad for elderly

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9
Q

H1N1pdm09 Pandemic

A

young ppl- no antibodies
60+ had antibodies. seasonal flu vaccine-not help

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10
Q

what are examples of non pharmaceutical intervention (3)

A

isolation
quarantine
school closure

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11
Q

Obligations of health care workers and Duty to care (4)

A
  • Risks to self (ethical responsibility when PPE available)
    -Unreasonable burden-duty to care
    -Reciprocity-society supports HCW
    -Families
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12
Q

family ethics in pandemics

A

imbalance between societal and individual ethics

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13
Q

boundaries to regulate NPI

A

harm principle: the actions of individuals should only be limited to prevent harm to other individuals

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14
Q

what helps NPI

A

robust public health systems in place before a pandemic strikes

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15
Q

main factor that causes ethical dilemma

A

distributive justice

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16
Q

conditions that effect distributive justice (5)

A

worse off
first come first serve
reward social usefulness
limited resources

17
Q

what is ethics take precedence during pandemics

A

utilitarian ethics (greater good) takes precedence over individual ethics

18
Q

what is the role of the intensivist

A

decide allocation of resources
favor those most likely to live

19
Q

WHO discussion in Geneva (6)

A

priority setting
equitable access to resources
NPI (restrictions)
obligations of HCW
obligations of country-country
transparent and timely info sharing

20
Q

what challenges do nurses face during a pandemic

A

duty to provide care
obligations to self, family, employer and profession

21
Q

ethical considerations (5)

A

Trust
Justice
Respect (autonomy not absolute)
Promoting well-being
Minimizing harm

22
Q

student concerns (5)

A

Clinical safety
Positive covid patient assignments
Visitor restrictions
Access PPE
Mental health

23
Q

when is duty to provide care questioned

A

unsafe and no PPE available