Module 8.) Mitigation Flashcards
Metal rod used to support weak sections of crotches of a tree
Brace rod
Installation of steel or synthetic cable in a tree to provide supplemental support to weak branches or branch unions.
Cable
1.) a steel or synthetic-fibar cable between a tree or branch and an external anchor (another tree, the ground, or fixed object) to provide supplemental support. 2.) a steel cable between utility pole and an external anchor (another pole, the ground, or fixed object, which sometimes is a tree). to keep the pole upright. Guys act in tension
Guy
Hardware installed in a tree to conduct the charge of a lightning strike to ground
Lightning Protection System
In tree risk management , the process for reducing risk
Mitigation
alternatives for reducing risk
Mitigation Options
Established hierarchy for mitigation of risk based on risk ratings, budget, resources, and policies.
Mitigation priority
Rigid brace, acting in compression, to support a tree, tree branch, or utility pole. Prop pole (contrast with Guy)
Prop
Removing branches ( or occasionally roots) from a tree or other plant, using approved practices, to achieve a specified objective.
Pruning
In utility and municipal arboriculture, the time scheduled between events that is established as a guideline for providing reasonable clearance between trees and conductors
Pruning Cycle
risk remaining after mitigation
Residual Risk
The recommendation to keep a tree and conduct follow-up assessments after a stated inspection interval.
Retain and Monitor
A device or mechanism providing supplemental support to individual branches and/or entire trees
Structural support system
Risk mitigation actions aimed at reducing the likelihood of impact in the event of tree failure.
Target-based actions
Acting to control the exposure of targets to risk
Target Management
Time period for recommended mitigation
Timeline
Risk mitigation action aimed at reducing the likelihood of tree failure
Tree-based actions
Chemical that can be applied to trees that slow terminal growth by reducing cell elongation.
Tree growth regulator
A tree which, because of its great age, size, or condition, is of exceptional cultural, landscape. or nature conversation value
veteran tree
an environment suitable for sustaining one or more species of animal.
wildlife habitat
T or F - Mitigation measures are typically presented as a set of options to the tree owner/manager
True
T or F- Mitigation choices are ultimately the assessors, because s/he is the person who is liable for damages
False
T or F -When retaining trees for wildlife, one management strategy is to maintain the tree;s height shorter than distance to the nearest target, by using approved crown- reduction techniques.
True
______-based mitigation actions are often preferred if tree preservation is a primary management goal
Target
Reduction pruning is often an effective tree-based mitigation option used to reduce loading from gravity, wing, or precipitation. _______ is not recommended because it creates long-term problems with weak sprouts and the entry of wood decay, due to internodal heading cuts.
Topping
Tree ____ may be an obvious choice in some situations, but it should be the last and least desirable option because the benefits of the tree are lost
Removal
Removing turf, applying mulch, and adjusting irrigation systems are examples of ______ modifications, which may improve tree health over the long term.
site
Tree risk assessors should consider tree removal as a last resort to eliminate risk because.
A.) Trees offer many benefits that are lost when they are removed.
B.) There may be ither options to reduce the likelihood of failure.
C.) There may be ways to reduce the likelihood of impacting the target.
D.) All of the above.
D
Trees provide many enviromental, social, and economic benifits. Risk mitigation options need to balance tree risk against the loss of tree benefits. All mitigation options should be considered before removing a tree.
After removing dead, dying, and diseased branches, there may still be
A.) Abatement risk
B.) Leftover risk
C.) Residual Risk
D.) Enduring risk
C
residual risk is defined as the risk remaining after mitigation.
Dead or dying trees may be retained for wildlife habitat if
A.) there is virtually no likelihood of failure
B.) the area is low-use or access is restricted
C.) there is no mitigation options
D.) Failed parts will not shatter upon impact.
B.
Ideally, trees retained for wildlife would be in areas that have no significant targets within the target zone or only targets with a rare occupancy rate.
When pruning is recommened to mitigate risk, you should consider the ability of the tree to
A.) compartimentalize and limit decay.
B.) recover from loss of leaf area.
c.) sprout from latent buds and develop new leaf area.
D.) All of the above.
D.)
Any pruning needs to be considered in the context of the overall health and vigot of the tree and wheather the tree can tolerate the pruning proposed
If the tree part with the highest risk rating has been mitigated
A.) The tree is free of risk
B.) the overall risk rating for the whole tree may or may not decrease
C.) the highest value target is no longer at risk.
D.) There is no need for further assessment.
B.
If the highest risk is mitigatied, the residual risk drops to the next highest risk rated. Because trees often have multiple risk factors, mitigation of the greatest risk factor may or maynot decrease the level of risk
