Module 8 - Altruism Flashcards
altruism
it is a function of “feeling good about one’s self”
- defined as a feeling to contribute to another’s welfare without conscious regard for one’s own
empathy
it is highly motivating when we put ourselves in other’s shoes.
social-responsibility norm
the social expectation to help those who depend on us
evolution’s biology
we are predisposed to perform selfless acts as a matter of genetic survival
kin selection
altruism toward one’s close relatives enhances the survival of shared genes
reciprocity
another biological notion where help is given with the expectation that it will be returned
social capital
the giving and taking for mutual benefit
bystander effect
when a greater number of bystanders are present, the less likely a person is to notice the incident.
factors impacting helping behaviour
- presence of others
- time pressures
- internal state: guilt or mood
latane and Darley’s (1970)
showed that intervention significantly decreased with the presence of other bystanders.
illusion of transparency
feeling that internal states are easily read by others
why do people provide aid during an emergency despite being in a crowded situation?
the key seems to be that the situation be ambiguous
why do people in rural areas are more likely to provide assistance during emergencies?
- population size
- sensory overload
research has shown that once people understand why the presence of bystanders inhibits helping, they become more likely to help in group situations
True
The social responsibility norm is a general social rule that suggests that we help those who have helped us.
False
When faced with potentially dangerous situations in which strangers need help, men more often help
True
The finding that a person is more likely to provide help when there are other bystanders is known as the bystander effect
False
According to research, we are more empathic and helpful toward those who are similar to us
True
The reciprocity norm represents a societal expectation that we should help those who depend on us, especially if they who cannot reciprocate
False
Social exchange theory suggests that human interactions are guided by social economics, in which costs are minimised and rewards are maximised
True
Playing prosocial video games or listening to prosocial music can increase later real-life empathy
True
The offerings of things such as money and confessions are examples of the ways in which different people relieve guilt.
True
Kin selection is a notion proposed by evolutionary biologists where altruism toward one’s close relatives (particularly children) enhances the survival of shared genes.
True
