Module 7: Methods of Dietary and Body Comp Assessment

Question 1

(TRUE/FALSE)

Collection of dietary data is critical in understanding nutrition, dietary intake data must be interpreted with considerable caution.

Answer 1

TRUE

It has many weakness particularly because it relies on the participants memory, willingness, and ability to accurately report their data.

Question 2

(TRUE/FALSE)

Dietary data has a gold standard.

Answer 2

FALSE

There is no one method of measurement that can be regarded as a gold standard.

Question 3

What are 4 Types of common techniques to measure diet?

Answer 3

1. 24-hour recall
2. Food record/diary
3. FFQ
4. Screeners

Question 4

What are 4 factors that influence the choice of technique for measuring diet?

Answer 4

1. Available resources
2. Research design
3. Time available
4. Subject characteristics

Question 5

(TRUE/FALSE)

When collecting a 24-hour recall, you will want the participant to start from the current time and work backwards.

Answer 5

FALSE

People tend to regulate over a 24 hour circadian rhythm, so you want to start at the beginning of say, yesterday

Question 6

Walking a participant through a quick list of what they ate yesterday, then asking for more detailed descriptions, and brand names would be what type of dietary data collection?

Answer 6

Multiple-pass 24 hour recall

Question 7

A computer-assisted, 5-step, multiple-pass 24 hour recall system and is also the primary method of collecting dietary intake data by the NHANES, is what type of dietary data collection?

Answer 7

USDA Automated Multiple Pass Method

Question 8

What the 5 steps in the Multiple-Pass Approach?

Answer 8

1. Quick List
2. Forgotten Foods
3. Time & Occasion
4. Detail Cycle (portion sizes, etc)
5. Final Probe

Question 9

To prevent participant fatigue, participants should keep a food record or diary, for no longer than how many days?

Answer 9

1-7 days
>7 days will results in fatigue and reduced quality records

Question 10

(TRUE/FALSE)

When participants complete their food record, they can back log their information?

Answer 10

FALSE

Recording really should be done AT THE TIME of consumption

Question 11

Which dietary data collection method is considered the gold standard of individual quantitative dietary assessment?

Answer 11

Weighted Food Record

Question 12

What type of dietary data collection is this?

Assesses how frequently a person consumes a limited number of foods and beverages that are major sources of nutrients, or a particular dietary component of interest. It estimates energy and/or nutrient intake from this information.

Answer 12

FFQ

Question 13

Non-quantitative FFQ vs. Semi-quantitative FFQ

Answer 13

Non-quant = portion size info is NOT collected

Semi-quant = lists standard portion sizes

Question 14

When would it be appropriate to use a Dietary Screener?

Answer 14

When you are focused on a SPECIFIC area of interest and recording someones entire diet is not needed and under time constraints

Question 15

What does a 2 compartment body comp model assess?

Answer 15

1. Fat
2. FFM

Question 16

What does a 3 compartment measure?

Answer 16

1. Fat
2. Lean Mass
3. Bone

Question 17

What does a 4 compartment measure?

Answer 17

1. Fat
2. Muscle/Protein
3. Water
4. Bone

gold standard

Question 18

Which body comp model do researchers mostly use?

Answer 18

The 3 compartment

Question 19

Hydrostatic weighing is based off what principle

Answer 19

Archimedes Principle - fat is more buoyant than lean tissue

Question 20

What is an example of air displacement plethysmograph?

Answer 20

Bod Pod - it uses computerized air pressure sensors to determine the amount of air displaced

Question 21

How does BIA work?

Answer 21

Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis - measures electrical RESISTANCE and REACTANCE to determine lean and fat tissue