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A&P 1 > Module 7: Integumentary System > Flashcards

Module 7: Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

simple cells

A

cells are all on the same level

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2
Q

stratified cells

A

more than one layer of cells

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3
Q

pseudostratified cells

A

more than one layer but they are all anchored to the basement

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4
Q

squamous cells

A

flat, egg shaped

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5
Q

cuboidal cells

A

cube shaped

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6
Q

columnar cells

A

tall, cube shaped

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7
Q

simple squamous cells appearance

A

single layer of thin, scaly cells

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8
Q

function of simple squamous cells

A

transportation of substances from cell to cell

easy passageway through cell wall

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9
Q

location of simple squamous cells

A

lungs (alveoli)
walls of capillaries
covering body organs/lining body cavities

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10
Q

simple cuboidal cells appearance

A

one layer of cube/round shaped cells

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11
Q

function of simple cuboidal cells

A

secretion/absorption
easy passageway for particles
help move mucous along

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12
Q

location of simple cuboidal cells

A

glands
lining of kidney tubules
lining bronchioles of lungs

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13
Q

simple columnar appearance

A

single layer of tall, narrow cells

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14
Q

function of single columnar

A

secretion/absorption

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15
Q

location of simple columnar

A 
digestive tract (small intestine/long intestine/stomach)
utereus/uterine tubes
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16
Q

pseudostratified columnar appearance

A

looks stratified but isn’t

every cell touches the basement

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17
Q

pseudostratified columnar function

A

secretion/absorption

locomotion

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18
Q

pseudostratified columnar location

A

respiratory tract

male reproductive tract

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19
Q

stratified squamous

A

most widespsread throughout the body

covers entire body surface

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20
Q

stratified squamous function

A

protection

resisting abrasion and water loss inside the body

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21
Q

keratinized epithelial tissue

A

type of stratified squamous tissue that includes epidermis

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22
Q

keratinized stratified squamous location

A

palms of hands and soles of feet

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23
Q

non-keratinized stratified squamous

A

does not have dead layer of compact cells on the surface or water-repellent glycolipid

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24
Q

non-keratinized stratified squamous

A

resists abrasion

moist tissue

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25
non-keratinized stratified squamous location
tongue lining cheek esophagus anal canal/vagina
26
stratified cuboidal tissue
several layers of cuboidal cells
27
stratified cuboidal function
protection and secretion
28
stratified cuboidal location
lining of ovary follicles lining seminiferous tubules of testes lining sweat ducts
29
stratified columnar
rarest type of tissue | only found when two epithelial tissues meet
30
stratified columnar location
larynx anal canal male urethra
31
transitional
resembles stratified squamous but top layer (surface) are round instead of flat
32
transitional location
bladder
33
fibroblasts
most common fibrous connective tissue cell large, flat, branching produce fibers and substance that produces matrix
34
macrophage
``` large cells (pacman) eats dead tissue and foreign invaders ```
35
leukocyte
white blood cells fight infection in body 6 types
36
neutrophil
most common type of white blood cell
37
lymphocytes
another type of white blood cells | fight bacteria and toxins
38
plasma cells
rare former lymphocytes that detect foreign matter and differentiate into plasma cells produce antibodies
39
mast cells function
produce heparin and histamine
40
mast cells location
found near blood vessels
41
heparin
blood thinner | inhibits blood clotting
42
histamine
increases blood flow by dilating blood vessels
43
adipocyte
fat cells appear in small clusters large, empty looking filled with triglycerides contain a nucleus
44
collagenous fiber
made up of collagen most abundant protein wavy, dense bundles white fibers
45
collagenous fiber location
found in tendons, ligaments, and dermis
46
reticular fiber
thin collagen fiber coated with glycoproteins
47
reticular fiber function
strength, support, and form to soft organs
48
elastic fibers
made of elastin thinnest of the fibers appear yellow, coiled structure (elasticity)
49
elastic fiber function
ability to stretch and recoil after tension is removed
50
elastic fiber location
lungs and arteries
51
loose connective tissue
large amt of ground substance, smaller amount of cells
52
areolar tissue
subtype of loose connective tissue most abundant type made up of loosely organized fibers highly vascular
53
areolar tissue location
everywhere in the body | abundant in blood vessels
54
areolar tissue function
help attach skin to underlying organs
55
reticular tissue
contain fibroblasts and white blood cells
56
reticular tissue function
helps to form stroma in lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow | bind together cells of smooth muscle
57
adipose tissue
small clusters of areolar tissue ; fat
58
adipose tissue location
almost everywhere EXCEPT brain, lungs, eyelids, and penis
59
adipose tissue function
provides body with energy insulates/keeps body warm supports/protects organs fill empty spaces and provide shape to the body
60
dense regular connective tissue
densely packed protein fibers running parallel poor blood supply, low healing time contain fibroblasts, small matrix
61
dense regular connective tisssue function
provide strength but only in one direction
62
dense regular connective tissue location
tendons/ligaments
63
dense irregular connective tissue
large bundle of fibers arranged randomly to withstand unpredictable stressors
64
dense irregular connective tissue location
dermis | protective coverings around spleen, testes, and kidneys
65
cartilage
``` supportive connective tissue with a rubbery matrix semi-solid, flexible collagen & elastic fibers chondroblasts/chondrocytes avascular ```
66
chondroblasts
help secrete gel-like matrix
67
chondrocytes
mature cartilage cells trapped in lacuna
68
avascular
indirect blood supply | slow healing time
69
perichondrium
surrounds most cartlage | dense irregular connective tissue
70
hyaline cartilage
most abundant type found in fetal skeleton clear/glassy chondrocytes
71
hyaline cartilage location
nose trachea larynx bronchi
72
hyaline cartilage function
flexibility & support | ex. hold airway open for breathing & moving vocal cords
73
elastic cartilage
conspicuous elastic fibers widely scattered cells surrounded by a layer of perichondrium web-like appearance
74
elastic cartilage function
strength. support and flexibility
75
elastic cartilage location
outer ear nose auditory tube epiglottis
76
fibrocartilage
course, visible bundles of collagen fiber | chondrocytes present
77
fibrocartilage function
great strength & rigid structure
78
fibrocartilage location
between bones of back/vertebrae anterior of pubis (pubic symphysis) knee joint
79
bone (compact bone)
solid ground substance very few fibers cylinder arrangement (osteons)
80
compact bone location
long bones of body | covers spongy bone
81
lamellae
concentric layers that bone matrix is deposited in
82
lacunae
between lamellae
83
osteocytes
inside lacuna
84
canaliculi
small channel that connect lacuna, which connect osteocytes to provide communication
85
blood
liquid matrix (plasma), no fibers red blood cells (erythrocytes) white blood cells (leukocytes) platelets (thrombocytes)
86
blood function
transportation
87
red blood cells (erythrocytes)
thin pink disks most abundant cell in blood oxygen-carrying
88
white blood cells (leukocytes)
immune-defense larger than red blood cells nuclei
89
platelets (thrombocytes)
initiate clotting blood
90
layers of the epidermis (superficial to deep)
stratum corneum stratum granulosum stratum spinosum stratum basale
91
merkel's cells
mechanoreceptors that detect mechanical sensory info by light touch/vibration
92
meissener's corpuscles
mechanoreceptors that detect mechanical sensory info by light touch/vibration
93
nocireceptors
detect pain
94
pacinian corpuscles
detect sensory info of pressure applied to the skin
95
thermoreceptors
detect hot/cold
96
arrector pili muscle
contracts when body is cold or experiences emotional responses connected to each hair follicle
97
hair bulb
contains blood/nervous supply

A&P 1 (2 decks)

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