Module 6: Endocrine System Flashcards
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) target
collecting ducts of the kidneys
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) action
reabsorption of water
oxytocin target
uterus and breast
oxytocin action
uterus contraction during childbirth and milk release during nursing
growth hormone (GH) target
all body cells
growth hormone (GH) action
growth of body (height)
promotion of cell division
protein synthesis
bone growth
prolactin target
mammary glands
prolactin action
milk development in breasts during pregnancy/childbirth
carb/fat metabolism
melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) target
skin cells
melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) action
increase melanin synthesis
thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) target
thyroid
thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) action
produce T3 and T4
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) target
adrenal cortex
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) action
produces cortisol
gonadotropic hormones (LH, FSH) target
gonads (testes, ovaries)
gonadotropic hormones (LH, FSH) action
control hormonal secretions of testes/ovaries
T3 (thyroxin) and T4 target
most tissues
T3/T4 action
metabolic rate
growth and development
calcitonin target
bone cells
calcitonin action
decrease blood calcium
increase calcium storage in bone
parathyroid hormone (PTH) target
bone cells
parathryoid hormone (PTH) action
increase calcium in plasma
decrease calcium in bone
vitamin D activation
cortisol target
most cells
cortisol action
metabolism/stress management
hydrolysis of muscle protein
raises blood glucose level
reduces inflammation
aldosterone target
kidney
aldosterone action
absorption of sodium
excretion of potassium
melatonin target
various tissues
melatonin action
circadian rhythm
reproduction
insulin : alpha or beta cells?
beta
insulin target
muscle and liver
insulin action
lowers blood glucose level
glucagon : alpha or beta cells
alpha
glucagon target
liver
glucagon action
elevates blood glucose level
erythropoietin target
bone marrow
erythropoietin action
increases red blood cell release
testosterone target
reproductive organs
testosterone action
reproductive development
maturation of sperm
body hair growth
estrogen/progesterone target
uterus/vagina
estrogen/progesterone action
maturation of ovaries
female body hair/fat distribution
follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) target
ovaries/testes
follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) action
ovarian follicle growth
estrogen secretion
luteinizing hormone (LH) target
ovaries/testes
luteinizing hormone (LH) action
ovulation
luteinization of follicle
testosterone and progesterone secretion
