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Pharmacology > Module 7 flashcards > Flashcards

Module 7 flashcards

1
Q

Inotropic

A

Force of contraction of heart muscle

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2
Q

Chronotropic

A

Heart rate

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3
Q

dromotropic

A

Conduction of cardiac electrical impulses

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4
Q

Diltiazem mechanism of action

A

Prevents calcium from entering the excitation contraction coupling process and prevents muscle contraction and promotes muscle relaxation

increasing blood flow to the heart by causing dilation

Dilates arteries decreasing systemic vascular resistance

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5
Q

Diltiazem adverse effects

A

Hypotension, palpations, tachycardia/bradycardia

Constipation and nausea

Dyspnea, rash, flushing, peripheral edema

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6
Q

Diltiazem cautions

A

contraindicated in KDA, acute MI, second/third degree AV block, and hypotension

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7
Q

Nitroglycerin mechanism of action

A

Dilate all blood vessels

Arterial vasodilator effect= relax smooth muscle cells

Dilate large and small coronary arteries, redistributing blood and oxygen to ischemic tissue

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8
Q

Nitroglycerin Isosorbide adverse effects

A

Headache
tachycardia, postural hypotension

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9
Q

Nitroglycerin Isosorbide cautions

A

Contraindications include KDA, severe anemia, closed-angle glaucoma, hypotension, and sever head injury

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10
Q

Isosorbide mononitrate mechanism of action

A

produces a steady therapeutic response (same as nitrate)

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11
Q

Isosorbide mononitrate adverse effects

A

Headache
tachycardia, postural hypotension

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12
Q

Isosorbide mononitrate cautions

A

Contraindications include KDA, severe anemia, closed-angle glaucoma, hypotension, and sever head injury

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13
Q

Digoxin purpose

A

Increase myocardial contractility (positive inotropic effect)

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14
Q

Digoxin monitor therapeutic levels

A

When patient first starts taking the drug. Additional monitoring is necessary if toxicity is suspected (0.5-2)

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15
Q

Digoxin toxicity symptoms

A

Bradycardia, headache, dizziness, confusion, nausea, visual disturbances

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16
Q

Atorvastatin mechanism of action

A

Decrease rate of cholesterol production

17
Q

Atorvastatin adverse effects

A

Abdominal pain, rash, headache, myopathy (phabdomyolysis)

18
Q

Atorvastatin cautions

A

Contraindications include

19
Q

Simvastatin mechanism of action

A

Lowers total and LDL cholesterol and triglyceride lvls

20
Q

Simvastatin adverse affects

A

Abdominal pain, rash, headache

21
Q

Simvastatin cautions

A

pregnancy cat X

22
Q

Metoprolol mechansim of action

A

Block beta1 receptors on the surface of the heart, reducing myocardial stimulation and reduces heart rate, slows conductions, and decreases myocardial oxygen demand

23
Q

Metoprolol indications

A

angina, MI, cardiac dysrhythmias, hypertension, and heart failure

24
Q

Metoprolol contraindications

A

KDA, uncompensated heart failure, cardiogenic shock, heart block/ bradycardia, pregnancy, sever pulmonary disease, and raynauds disease.

25
Q

Metoprolol adverse effects

A

Black box warning for tapering dose withdrawal
AV block, bradycardia, heart failure
Dizziness, fatigue, depression, drowsiness, unusual dreams
NVDC
Delayed hypoglycemia recovery, masked symptoms of hypoglycemia, hyperlipidemia
impotence, alopecia, bronchospasm, wheezing, dry mouth

26
Q

Metoprolol interactions

A

antacids, digoxin, diuretics, alcohol, cardiovascular drugs, neuromuscular blocking drugs, oral hypoglycemic drugs, insulin

27
Q

Lisinopril mechanism of action

A

inhibit ACE, therefore inhibiting aldosterone secretion.
prevent sodium and water resorption by inhibiting aldosterone secretions

28
Q

Lisinopril indications

A

hypotension, heart failure, and acute MI

29
Q

Lisinopril adverse effects

A

Dry cough, hyperkalemia, decreased renal function

30
Q

Lisinopril contraindications

A

pregnancy

31
Q

Lisinopril patient teaching

A

Pharmacology (6 decks)

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