module 6 flashcards

Question 1

Thrombus

Answer 1

blood clot

Question 2

Embolus

Answer 2

blood clot that is moving throughout the bloodstream

Question 3

Heparin route

Answer 3

SubQ or IV drip

Question 4

Heparin dosage

Answer 4

10-40,000 units

Question 5

Heparin frequency

Answer 5

BID or TID

Question 6

Heparin MOA

Answer 6

Turns off coagulation pathway and prevents clots from forming. inactivate thrombin and factor xa

Question 7

Heparin Adverse effects

Answer 7

Bleeding, hematoma, anemia, thrombocytopenia, heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)

Question 8

Heparin antidote

Answer 8

Protamine Sulfate

Question 9

Heparin contraindications

Answer 9

allergy, acute bleeding process/risk

Question 10

Heparin interactions

Answer 10

Aspirin, NSAIDS, oral anticoags, antiplatelets, thrombolytics (all lead to increased bleeding)

Question 11

heparin nursing actions

Answer 11

monitor vital signs, observe for bleeding ( increased hr, decreased bp, bruising, black tarry stools), monitor aptt

Question 12

Enoxaparin route

Answer 12

parenteral only, prefilled syringes with air bubble

Question 13

Enoxaparin dosage

Answer 13

40mg

Question 14

Enoxaparin frequency

Answer 14

Once a day

Question 15

Enoxaparin MOA

Answer 15

inactivate factor xa only

Question 16

Enoxaparin adverse effects

Answer 16

Black box warning for spinal hematomas if pt has epidural catheter

Question 17

Enoxaparin antidote

Answer 17

protamine sulfate

Question 18

Enoxaparin contraindications

Answer 18

indwelling epidural catheter, allergy, acute bleeding process/risk

Question 19

Enoxaparin interactions

Answer 19

heparin

Question 20

Warfarin route

Answer 20

oral

Question 21

Warfarin dosage

Answer 21

dependent on patients INR

Question 22

Warfarin frequency

Answer 22

same time everyday

Question 23

Warfarin MOA

Answer 23

Inhibit vitamin K synthesis by bacteria in the GI tract which then inhibits clotting factor production

Question 24

Warfarin adverse effects

Answer 24

bleeding, NV, abdominal cramps, skin necrosis, purple toes syndrome

Question 25

Warfarin antidote

Answer 25

vitamin K, when given IV there is a risk for anaphylaxis so you give it diluted and over 30 mins

Question 26

Warfarin contraindications

Answer 26

Pregnancy, allergy, acute bleeding process/risk

Question 27

Warfarin interactions

Answer 27

acetaminophen, aspirin, NSAIDS, gingko, broad spectrum antibiotics, barbiturates, rifampin, phenytoin, statins, garlic, st john's wort

Question 28

Warfarin nursing actions

Answer 28

administer the oral dose same time each day, assess carefully for excessive bruising/unusual bleeding, monitor INR lab values (2-3 goal range), do not fluctuate diet.

Question 29

Clopidogrel route

Answer 29

PO

Question 30

Clopidogrel dosage

Answer 30

300mg loaded dose, 75mg once daily

Question 31

Clopidogrel frequency

Answer 31

daily

Question 32

Clopidogrel MOA

Answer 32

alter the platelet membrane so it can't receive the signal to form a clot

Question 33

Clopidogrel adverse effects

Answer 33

black box warning for patients with genetic abnormalities, chest pain, edema, flu like symptoms, headache, dizziness, fatigue, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, epistaxis, rash, pruritus

Question 34

Clopidogrel contraindications

Answer 34

drug allergy, thrombocytopenia, active bleeding, leukemia, traumatic injury, gi ulcer, vitamin k deficiency, recent stroke

Question 35

Clopidogrel Interactions

Answer 35

dipyridamole, amiodarone, calcium channel blockers, NSAIDs, proton pump inhibitors

Question 36

INR

Answer 36

international normalized ratio is a calculation based off of pt time

Question 37

aPTT

Answer 37

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time. Measures how long it takes for a blood clot to form

Question 38

PT

Answer 38

measures how long it takes for a blood clot to form in a blood sample

Question 39

Anticoagulant

Answer 39

preventing/ delaying blood coagulation (Heparin, Enoxaparin, Warfarin)

Question 40

Antiplatelet

Answer 40

inhibit platelet aggregation (Clopidogrel)

Question 41

Prophylactic use

Answer 41

prevention

Question 42

Combination therapy

Answer 42

never give heparin in combo with enoxaparin, clopidogrel is given in combo with aspirin