Module 7 Flashcards
The Venus of Milo physiologically and artistically considered the perfect woman as an example of the results of ____ _________, neither too much nor too little, on a nobly _______ ______.
Proper nourishment, planned frame
What is nutrition?
The science that studies food and how it nourishes our body and influences our health. It’s about how we consume, digest, metabolize and store nutrients and how these nutrients affect our body.
What does nutrition involve (4)?
-factors that influence our eating patterns ( where you live, time of year, parents choices)
-making recommendations about the amount we should eat of each type of food (food guides)
-maintaining food safety ( Canadian food inspection agency)
-addressing issues related to the global food supply
The food you eat will provide your body with the _____ it needs to __________ properly.
Energy, function
Proper nutrition helps us…….. (4)
Improve our health, prevent certain diseases, achieve and maintain a desirable weight, helps us maintain our energy
How does nutrition contribute to health?
Physical, spiritual, emotional, social, occupational health
What is malnutrition?
Lack of proper nutrition. Considered bad nutrition. Includes under and over nutrition
What is malnutrition caused by?
Not having enough to eat, not eating enough of the right things, or being unable to use the food that one does eat.
What is under nutrition?
Diet that lacks energy or specific essential nutrients
What are some diseases that could come from under nutrition?
Anemia, scurvy, Korsakoff’s syndrome
What is anemia caused from?
Lack of iron or B12
What are some symptoms of anemia?
Fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath
What is Korsakoff syndrome?
Chronic memory disorder
What is Korsakoff syndrome caused by?
Severe deficiency of thiamine (B-1)
What is Korsakoff syndrome most commonly caused by?
Alcohol misuse
What is overnutrition?
Diet that has. An imbalance of fats, carbs, and proteins, or simply just too much energy in the body
What diseases/ illnesses can over nutrition cause?
Type 2 diabetes, heart disease, some cancers
What is obesity?
A complex disease involving an excessive amount of body fat.
The primary link between poor nutrition and mortality is _______.
Obesity
Obesity is a well-established risk factor for…… (3)
Heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes,
Nutrition is a relatively new field that has only been around for about ___ years
100
In the mid 1700s, they already new that some ______ ______ could prevent scurvy, but vitamin C was not yet identified.
Citrus fruits
What is pallegra?
A disease characterized by skin rash, diarrhea, mental impairment, and 10% death
In 1926 by Popular Science: people who live too largely on refined corn meal and fat meat are often attacked by a kindred nutritional disease called “_______”, which may be cured by adding meat, milk or eggs to the diet.
“Pallegra”
By the end of WW2 and after, diets have improved overall. Nutrition began to focus on supporting _______ and __________ and _________ chronic diseases such as obesity, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, various cancers.
Wellness, preventing, treating
What are nutrients?
Chemicals found in foods that are critical to human growth and function
What are 6 nutrient groups?
Carbs, lipids (fats/oils), proteins, vitamins, minerals, water
What are essential nutrients?
Nutrients that cannot be manufactured by the human body so must come from food or nutritional supplements
What are macronutrients?
Nutrients our body needs in relatively large amounts to support normal function and health
Micronutrients assist in the regulation of ______ _________. We need relatively _____ amounts of these nutrients to support health and body functions
Body functions, small
What are 3 important macronutrients?
Carbs, fats, proteins
What are vitamins?
Organic compounds that assist in regulating body processes. Their nature is not yet demonstrated, but have a profound influence on nutrition
What are fat-soluble vitamins?
Vitamins that are not soluble in water but are soluble in fat
What are some examples of fat-soluble vitamins?
Vitamin A,D,E,K
What are water-soluble vitamins?
Vitamins that are soluble in water
What are 2 examples of water-soluble vitamins?
Vitamin C and B
What are minerals?
Inorganic substances that are not broken down during digestion
Minerals assist in _____ _________ and _______ _______.
Fluid regulation and energy production
Minerals are essential to the health of our _______ and ________.
Bones and blood
What are some examples of minerals?
Sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron
Water ensures proper ______ of fluid inside and outside our ______.
Balance, cells
What are some things that water assists in our body? (4)
Regulation of nerve impulses, muscles contractions, nutrient transport, and excretion of waste products
Most of the water you need a day is fund in your ____.
Food
What are 3 examples of factors that determine how much of each nutrient a person needs? (3)
Age, gender, activity level
What does AMDR stand for?
Acceptable macronutrient distribution range
What is a registered dietician?
Health professional with a bachelors degree in foods and nutrition from a university program accredited by the Dieticians of Canada (DC) (degree+ internship/practicum + exam+ registration= legally protected title
What is a nutritionist?
Not legally protected in all provinces (aka certified nutritionist)
Fruits and vegetables should make up ____ the plate for it to be up to the food guides standards.
Half
What is Alberta Health Service’s definition of a drug?
Any non-food substance that changes the way the mind of body works
What is Drugs Aware definition of a drug?
A drug is any substance (except for food or water) which, when taken into the body, alters the body’s function either physically and/or psychologically
What are 3 examples of legal drugs?
Alcohol, caffeine, tobacco
What are 4 examples of illegal drugs?
Weed (in some places), ecstasy, cocaine, heroin
What are the 4 categories that psychoactive drugs can be categorized?
depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens, ‘other’
What is the Canadian Food Inspection Agency’s definition of a drug?
Any substance or mixture of substances manufactured, sold or represented for the use in
Diagnosis, treatment, mitigation, or prevention of a disease in humans/animals
Restoring, correcting or modifying organic functions in humans/animals
Disinfection in premises in which food is made, prepared or kept
What is alcohol, where is it found and what does it cause?
Ingredient found in beer, wine, spirits that causes drunkenness
What is adenosine?
A chemical in the central nervous system
What does adenosine do?
Regulates your cycles of sleeping and waking
What is cannabis?
A psychoactive drug from the cannabis plant used primarily for medical or recreational purposes
Only __% of Canadian adults meet the current physical activity recommendations.
15
What is physical activity?
All body movements produced by skeletal muscles resulting in energy expenditure
What is moderate intensity physical activity?
Activities that get you moving fast enough to burn off 3-6 times as you do when you are sitting
What are 3 examples of moderate intensity physical activity?
Brisk walking, cycling, dancing
What is vigorous- intensity physical activity?
Physical activity done with a large amount of effort, resulting in a substantially higher heart rate and rapid breathing
What are 3 examples of vigorous-intensity physical definition?
Jogging, playing basketball, running
What is exercise?
Planned, structured and repetitive bodily movement done to improve or maintain one or more components of physical fitness
What are 8 benefits of regular physical activity?
-improved cardio respiratory endurance
-reduced rink of heart disease
-prevention of hypertension
-reduces bad cholesterol and increases good cholesterol
-improved bone health
-improved weight management
-improved quantity and quality of life
-improved mental health and stress management
Your physical activity level as a child and adolescent influences your ______ and ______ towards your physical activity as an adult.
Attitudes and behaviours
(Participaction) Students take __% more steps in P.E. Class when class is held outside
35%
What gender is more active than the other?
Men are more active than women
What is the recommended hours of sleep for the average adult?
7-9 hours
Poor quality of sleep is also associated with ________.
Mortality
Before the 12th century, scientists and philosophers thought sleep was a _____ ___________ ______.
Passive unconscious state
What are the 2 sleep stages?
NREM and REM
What are the 3-4 stages of NREM sleep?
- Awake/light sleep
- Light sleep
3 and 4. Deep sleep
NREM and REM go though a ___ minute cycle again and again each night
90
