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Kin 262 > Module 7-10 > Flashcards

Module 7-10 Flashcards

1
Q

Define buzzword

A

Buzzword: an important-sounding word or phrase that becomes popular through frequent usage (particularly within media)

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2
Q

What is one of the problems with buzzwords?

A

Terms that become buzzwords end up losing their intended meaning overtime, and its actual definition becomes construed.

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3
Q

define feminism

A

feminism: the theories and movements that advocate for women’s rights and liberation

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4
Q

What perspectives are housed within the feminist theory umbrella?

A

liberal, radical, marxists, etc

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5
Q

what are the assumptions of feminist theories?

A
  1. Power inequity stems from gender relations
  2. Gender inequity should be fixed
  3. Power can be structural, relational, or sociocultural
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6
Q

What is structural power?

A

structural power: systemic privileging of one gender over another through formal structures and institutions

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7
Q

what is relational power?

A

relational power: one gender may experience more privilege in relationships or interactions with others

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8
Q

what is sociocultural power

A

sociocultural power: how genders are valued

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9
Q

what occurred in the first wave of feminism?

A

right to vote (1916 in alberta, sask and manitoba)
BNAA recognized women as people (1929)
Emily murphy became the first female judge (the famous five)

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10
Q

What time period was the first wave of feminism

A

late 19th century to early 20th century

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11
Q

who was a part of the famous five? What did they do?

A

Emily murphy and 4 other women appealed the definition of persons in the BNAA

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12
Q

When were asian, inuit and first nations women allowed to vote

A

white - 1916
asian - 1948
inuit - 1950’s
first nations - 1960’s

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13
Q

what time period was the second wave of feminism

A

1960’s to 1970’s

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14
Q

what occured in the second wave of feminism

A

inequities challenged - control of body, reproductive rights and access to opportunities.
betty friedan - the feminine mystique (1969)
outcomes of domestic violence shelters, health clinics, abortions, etc.

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15
Q

what is the topic of the feminine mystique?

A

it is a book that challenged ‘the problem with no name’, which is the assumption that women’s destiny is being a housewife

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16
Q

what was a criticism of the second wave of feminism?

A

it was critiqued for being white hetero upper middle class centric

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17
Q

what are the key concepts of the second wave of feminism?

A

patriarchy: a system of power including social institutions, subordinates women
sexual division of labour: nature of work performed as a result of gender roles
socialization: process of learning culture, which shows us how to behave
gender norm: behaviour considered to be appropriate for a particular gender

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18
Q

what time period was the third wave of feminism

A

1990’s to present

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19
Q

what occured in the third wave of feminism

A

focused on diverisity and individualism
kimberle crenshaw coined the term intersectionality to examine how race, sex and gender are mutually consituted.

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20
Q

what time period was the fourth wave of feminism?

A

2010 to present

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21
Q

What occured in the fourth wave of feminism

A

metoo movement
harvey weinstein case, isla vista shooting, slutwalks, pussy hat project

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22
Q

what are the key characteristics of the fourth wave of feminism

A

trans/queer inclusive
sex/body positive
online and offline

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23
Q

define weaving thread

A

weaving thread: gender as an organizing principle of society

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24
Q

summarize the four waves of feminism

A

1st wave = right to vote
2nd wave = equal pay and opportunities
3rd wave = diversity and individualism
4th wave = social justice, allyship gender inclusive

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25
Q

define sex

A

sex: a multidimensional biological construct that encompasses anatomy, physiology, genes and hormones, which together affect how we are treated

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26
Q

define gender

A

gender: the socially constructed categories of feminine and masculine

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27
Q

define gender identity

A

gender identity: your sense of self as a woman, man, both or neither

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28
Q

define cis gender

A

cis gender: an umbrella term for all people whos gender identity aligns with sex assigned at birth

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29
Q

define trans gender

A

trans gender: an umbrella term for all people whos gender identity and the sex assigned at birth do not align

30
Q

what are some implications of health with gender identitys?

A

there are assumptions that sex and gender align, which limits access and treatment. quality of care is compromised

31
Q

define gender expression

A

gender expression: how a person demonstrates or performs their gender identity

32
Q

what are some implications of health with gender expression

A

safety
access to care
psycho social impacts of violence or aggressions

33
Q

what is hegemonic femininity and masculinity

A

refers to the qualities conventionally deemed manly or womanly

34
Q

define hegemonic

A

hegemonic: the dominance of one group or set of ideas

35
Q

define sexual orientation

A

the pattern of emotional, romantic or sexual attraction

36
Q

what perspective shapes access to health care

A

heteronormativity

37
Q

define heteronormativity

A

heteronormativity: the assumption that heterosexuality is the only normal and natural expression of sexuality. assumed to be superior

38
Q

define heterosexism

A

heterosexism: a system of attitudes, bias and discrimination in favour of opposite sex sexuality and relationships. may be the assumption that everyone is or should be heterosexual

39
Q

Where can we see differences in sex/gender based patterns in health stats?

A

life expectancies, chronic illness, accidents, suicide and injuries

40
Q

being a _________ is the strongest predictor of _____

A

woman, preventative and health promoting behaviour

41
Q

what behaviours are associated with femininity, and then masculinity?

A

femininity = health-promoting behaviours
masculinity = risk-taking behaviours

42
Q

compared to young women, young men are ….

A

3x more likely to die from accidental health
4x more likely to die from suicide
half as likely to seek out health care services
twice as likely to visit emergency rooms

43
Q

90% of victims of ________ _______ are ____

A

work accidents, men

44
Q

define race

A

race: a term without scientific basis that uses skin colour and facial features to describe humans

45
Q

define racialization

A

racialization: the social process by which racal categories are constructed in ways that have social/economic/political consequences

46
Q

why is racialization preferred over race

A

it emphasizes the fact that race is a social construct, and it means what is done to individuals

47
Q

define ethnicity

A

ethnicity: a shared cultural background and individuals who interact with each other on the basis of shared cultural identity and practices

48
Q

how is ethnicity different from race?

A

ethnicity takes into account culture, not just skin colour

49
Q

1970 census?

A
50
Q

what do human rights and anti racism perspectives believe?

A
  • addresses health inequities at the global level
  • health = human right
  • emphasis on activism
51
Q

who are the key theorists of human rights/anti-racism perspectives?

A

derrick bell (critical race theory)
kimberle crenshaw (intersectionality)

52
Q

What are the assumptions of human rights/anti-racism perspectives?

A
  1. race is a sociocultural construction by which dominant groups exercise power and control over others
  2. eliminating racism is central to health equity
  3. race intersects with other social/cultural forces
53
Q

what are the key concepts of the human rights/anti-racism perspective

A
  1. social exclusion: a process by which groups are denied access and participation, producing inequality in outcomes (excluded groups suffer health, groups are typically sex/age/class/race etc)
  2. racism: a set of false beliefs that one racial group is superior to another. (includes prejudice and discrimination)
54
Q

define prejudice and discrimination

A

prejudice: prejudgement not based on evidence or experience
discrimination: systemic and systematic exclusion through policies and everyday practices, which limit peoples access to opportunities and resources

55
Q

what are the levels of racism (broad to specific)

A
  1. structural - institutions, society, privileges white people
  2. institutional - prejudice embedded in policies, in private/public sectors. reps may act with/without racist intention
  3. interpersonal - beliefs/attitudes/behaviours. conscious/unconscious
  4. internalized - lies within individuals, absorbed in cultural ideas
56
Q

give examples of racialized groups being affected by racism

A

indigenous kids more likely to be
- poor and homeless
- unemployed
- live in neighbourhoods with fewer health/social services

57
Q

what is Krieger’s 6 pathways to poorer health

A
  1. discrimination + social trauma
  2. Ecosystem degradation
  3. economic/social deprivation
  4. inadequate medical care
  5. targeted marketing of harmful commodities
  6. toxic substances and hazardous conditions
58
Q

give some examples of Krieger’s 6 pathways in action

A
  • hate crimes
  • weathering effect = premature aging and its risks, often in response to stress. stress hormones lead to poor health
  • access to health care
  • migration and resettlement and health = migrants have health advantage but overtime it converges with the population
59
Q

What are the barriers discussed in Keiger’s pathway?

A

barriers of adequate care = language, lack of cultural rep, dismissive attitude
barriers of providers = providers believe they are unbiased, and possess internalized stereotypes

60
Q

what is culturally competent health care

A

it is the delivery of health care services in a way that recognizes cultural beliefs and needs of those they serve

61
Q

what are some key challenges to culturally competent health care

A
  • stigma around mental health
  • perception of pharmaceuticals
  • short appointment times
  • language barriers
62
Q

what is required of culturally competent health care

A
  • culturally diverse staff
  • trained interpreters
  • cultural training
63
Q

What is environment sociology

A

examines how humans affect their environment and vice versa. looks at how they are mutually influential. focuses on consequence of human action, influence of environment on humanity, and social policies

64
Q

what are the product/consumption related environment harms?

A
  • petrochemical industry = manufactures synthetic products that effect air and land
  • carson’s silent spring = silence of the birds, their song stifled by pesticides
  • pollution travel = pollutants from Indiana have been found in the breast milk of women in Nunavut
65
Q

Define environmental racism

A

environmental racism: a term used to describe how disadvantaged communities are disproportionately exposed to environmental health factors/disasters

66
Q

What did the IPCC report in 2023?

A
  • the world is on track to surpass a significant level of warming
  • on the current track, brace for more disasters
  • the world has made some real progress
67
Q

what is the ‘tipping point’

A

leads to large, rapid changes in the environment. we are at 1.1/1.5c rise

68
Q

how does wealth affect emissions?

A

higher wealth = higher emissions

69
Q

list the 10 ways that climate change affects our health

A
  1. air pollution
  2. allergens and pollen
  3. diseases carried by vectors
  4. floods
  5. food security
  6. food/waterborne diarrheal disease
  7. increasing risk of conflict/refugee crisis
  8. mental health/stress
  9. temperature extremes
  10. wildfires
70
Q

what are two examples of the intersection between environment, climate and health

A

ex 1 = 2021 north american heat wave
- 676 deaths, second in canada’s disasters
- many were 70 or older, most occured indoors
ex 2 = urban heat island effect
- heat is #1 cause of death
- cities are 3-10 degrees hotter than rural areas
- upper east side is cooler than bronx

71
Q
A

Kin 262 (2 decks)

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