Module 60- Intro to intelligence Flashcards
Define intelligence
the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations
What does an intelligence test do?
Assesses people’s mental abilities and compares them with others using numerical scores
What did Charles Spearman (1863-1945) believe about intelligence, more specifically, general intelligence?
Also known as the “g factor”, Charles claimed that a common skill set, the g factor, underlies all intelligent behavior and is measured by every task on an intelligence test.
What else did Charles Spearman help develop?
Factor analysis, which is a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items.
What is factor analysis also used to identify besides clusters of related items?
It is used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person’s total score.
What is a controversy concerning the way one’s general mental capacity is expressed?
It was controversial to rely on a single intelligence score to express the idea of a general mental capacity.
What result did L.L Thurstone discover in his testing of 7 clusters of primary mental abilities within people?
Those who excelled in one of the seven clusters generally scored well on the others, indicating evidence of a g factor
Satoshi Kanazawa argues that general intelligence evolved as a form of intelligence that helps people solve _____ problems, like stopping a fire from spreading, finding food in a drought.
novel
What does Kanazawa state about the correlation between intelligence scores and novel problems and evolutionary familiar situations.
Intelligence scores do correlate with the ability to solve various novel problems (like those found in academics and vocational situations) but do not much correlate with individual’s skills in evolutionary familiar situations, like marrying and parenting, forming close friendships, navigating without maps.
How does Howard Gardner view intelligence and consider people with savant syndrome?
Intelligence consists of multiple abilities that come in different packages.
Savant syndrome is a condition in which a person is limited in mental ability but has an exceptional specific skill such as in computation or drawing.
What does Howard Gardner claim about having an intelligence?
We don’t just have AN intelligence; we have multiple intelligences.
What is grit in psychology?
Grit is passion and perseverance in the pursuit of long-term goals.
Robert Sternberg agrees with the idea of Gardner’s idea of having multiple intelligences, but what does Sternberg propose?
A triarchic theory of three intelligences.
What are the three intelligences included in the triarchic three?
-Analytical (academic problem-solving) intelligence: assessed by intelligence tests, having a single right answer for a defined problem
-Creative intelligence: reacting adaptively to novel situations and generating novel ideas.
-Practical intelligence: required for everyday tasks, allows for multiple solutions.
What is social intelligence?
Being able to successfully comprehend social situations.
