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CNA Summer 2023 > Module 6 Terminology > Flashcards

Module 6 Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

A

a deficiency of cellular immunity induced by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1)

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2
Q

Airborne precautions

A

measures used for diseases that remain infectious over long distances when suspended in the air; require single-patient room that is equipped with special air handling and ventilation capacity

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3
Q

asepsis

A

the absence of disease-causing organisms

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4
Q

athlete’s foot

A

fungal infection of the foot, especially between the toes, causing redness, peeling, and cracking

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5
Q

bacteria

A

most common microorganism causing disease; not all bacteria produce diseases

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6
Q

barriers

A

items which prevent transmission of microorganisms from the worker to the resident or from the resident to the worker; actions to prevent the transmission of information; blocking access

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7
Q

biohazard symbol

A

identification for contaminated item containers; the background is red or orange and the symbol is black

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8
Q

blood-borne (pathogens)

A

pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hep B virus (HBV), and HIV

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9
Q

carrier (spore)

A

a person who has an infectious agent in their body but does not exhibit symptoms

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10
Q

Centers for Disease Control (CDC)

A

an agency of the federal government that researches and makes recommendations to prevent disease and control the spread of infection

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11
Q

chain of infection

A

a series of related events required for the transmission and development of an infectious disease

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12
Q

communicable

A

capable of being transferred from one person to another by direct or indirect contact

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13
Q

contact precautions

A

measure used to prevent transmission of infectious agents which are spread by direct or indirect contact with the patient or the patient’s environment

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14
Q

contagious microbes (contagious disease?)

A

also known as communicable disease; an infectious disease resulting from the presence of pathogenic microbial agents; can be spread from person to person or one species to another

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15
Q

contamination

A

a condition of being unclean or soiled with pathogens making an object unsafe for use

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16
Q

disinfection

A

a process using chemicals to kill or slow growth of pathogenic organisms

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17
Q

disorientation

A

loss of the ability to recognize time, place and/or people

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18
Q

disposable

A

made to be used once and then thrown away

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19
Q

droplet precautions

A

measures used to prevent transmission of pathogens spread through close respiratory or mucous membrane contact with respiratory secretions; mask is required

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20
Q

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

A

an agency of the federal government of the USA charged to regulate chemicals and protect human health by safeguarding the natural environment

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21
Q

Escherichia coli (E. coli)

A
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22
Q

excretions

A

process of eliminating substances through skin, kidneys, or intestines

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23
Q

exposure incident

A

direct contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials including body fluids

24
Q

flora

A

the normal, usually non-harmful microorganisms found in a particular area of the body such as E. coli in the large intestine

25
Q

fungus

A

a class of microorganisms to which mold and yeast belong

26
Q

Health Care-Associated Infection (HAI)

A
27
Q

Hepatitis A, B, C, D, E

A

viruses that causes different forms of infectious liver disease

28
Q

Herpes zoster

A

contagious viral infection that appears along nerve tracts; caused by reactivation of the virus causing chicken pox; also called shingles

29
Q

host

A

animal or plant that harbors and nourishes another organism

30
Q

immunity

A

resistance of an organism to infection, disease, or other unwanted biological invasion

31
Q

infection

A

multiplication of invasive pathogenic microorganism in the body causing disease

32
Q

infectious agent

A

microorganism capable of causing disease

33
Q

influenza

A

highly contagious acute infection of the respiratory tract spread by airborne droplets

34
Q

isolation

A

separation of a resident from other residents; may be required when infection is present

35
Q

lice

A

a common parasite of the skin and hair

36
Q

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

A

a pathogenic organism highly resistant to most antibiotics, particularly methicillin

37
Q

microorganisms

A

organism that can only be seen with a microscope

38
Q

nausea

A

a sensation often leading to the urge to vomit

39
Q

non-intact

A

broken, cut, cracked, or chapped

40
Q

noscomial

A

infections that occur at least 72 hours after admission to a care facility; also called hospital-acquired infection

41
Q

pathogens

A

disease producing microorganisms

42
Q

personal protective equipment (PPE)

A

equipment such as waterproof gowns, masks, gloves and goggles needed to protect an employee from infectious materials

43
Q

pneumonia

A

inflammation of the lungs usually caused by infection

44
Q

precautions

A

measures taken to prevent spread of disease or protect from injury

45
Q

protozoa

A
46
Q

reservoir

A

the place where infectious organisms live and reproduce

47
Q

reverse isolation

A

a method to prevent a resident in a compromised health situation from being contaminated by other people or objects

48
Q

rickettsia

A
49
Q

scabies

A

communicable skin condition caused by a mite and transmitted by close contact with an infected source

50
Q

sepsis

A

a serious medical condition characterized by a whole-body inflammatory state usually caused by infection

51
Q

standard precautions

A

practices developed by the CDC used will all residents to prevent or reduce the spread of microorganisms

52
Q

sterilization

A

a process that destroys all microorganisms

53
Q

streptococcus

A

a bacteria capable of causing infection in body tissues

54
Q

transmission-based (precautions)

A

isolation procedures used in addition to standard precautions that prevent the spread of infection by interrupting the way in which microorganisms are spread

55
Q

tuberculosis

A

a communicable lung infection easily spread by sneezing and coughing

56
Q

Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (VRE)

A

intestinal microorganism resistant to most antibiotics, in particular Vancomycin

57
Q

virus

A

the smallest disease causing microbe; it depends on the invaded host for reproduction

CNA Summer 2023 (11 decks)

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