Module 6 and 7 Drugs Flashcards

Question

Nystatin

Answer 1

only used for candidiasis (yeast fungal inf) of skin, mouth, esophagus, and vagina; given orally or topically

Answer 2

acyclovir, ganciclovir, ribavirin, oseltamivir, zanamivir, peramivir

Answer 3

used for CMV (cytomegalovirus) infection

Answer 4

inhaled used for RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) in pediatrics and oral is used for hep C

Answer 5

influenza tx

Answer 6

for hypercalcemia; inhibits osteoclast activity and promotes renal excretion of calcium; do not take if hypersensitive to salmon or gelatin gluent or lactating; major SE malignancy

Answer 7

selective estrogen receptor modulator; post menopausal osteoporosis; major SE CVA, thromboembolism, leg cramps hot flashes; do not lie still for long periods of time

Answer 8

decrease osteoclasts; major se- esophagus issues, musculoskeletal pain, ONJ; contrain in pregnancy and esophagus issues; take on empty stomach (ca iron mag antacids OJ and caffeine decrease absorption); be able to sit for at least 30 mins; includes alendronate, risedronate, ibandronate, zoledronate

Answer 9

inhibits osteoclast formation; major SE- ONJ, muscle pain, UTI hypercholesteremia, hypocalcemia, pancreatitis, dyspnea; contrain in hypocalcemia (correct before use), pregnancy and lactation

Answer 10

epi specifically: main tx for anaphylaxis, ( increases BP, bronchodilates, vasoconstricts), Major se- bronchospasms, arrythmias, hypertension, incrased HR, tremors, nervous; contrain in HTN, diabetes, arterosclerosis

Answer 11

nearly identical to the steroids produced by adrenal cortex; suppresses inflammation (pharm dose); maturation of fetal lungs, used for RA and lupus, major se- adrenal insufficiency, osteoporosis, hyperglycemia, cataracts, cushing contrain- live virus vaccines, sys fungal inf, peds and preg; do not abruptly discontinue (taper), highly individualized dose,giver before 0900

Answer 12

man made, broad spectrum, UTI is principal indication,T

Answer 13

not a sulfonamide but commonly given with; UTI and otitis media (peds); se- pruritis, altered taste, n/v glossitis; contrain in folate deficiency, renal impair, preg; admin empty stomach

Answer 14

-acin drugs; pregnant women should not take; tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, hyperglycemia Ciprofloxacin: CDAD, hepatotocivity, seizures, suicidal thoughts, contrain- aortic aneurysim, lactation, children, corticosteroids, transplant GT prolongation

Answer 15

brand name Fagyl; treats C. diff, H pylori peptic ulcer; Se- sjs, seizures, abd pain, n, HA; caution in hx of seizures, hepatic impair, corticosteroids, preg, lact; avoid alcohol

Answer 16

antifunfal; various tinea inf (not used for ones that can be treated topically); SE- erythema multiforme, SJS TEN, hepatotoxicity; possible cross sensitivty with penicillin; give with meals high in fat content ; do not drink alcohol

Answer 17

antiviral; recurrent genital herpes, shingles, chickenpox, herpes simplex; SE- SJS, renal failure, seizures, HA, n/v/d; contrain- hypersensitivity to milk protein concentrate, preg, lact, geri, ; start asap after s/s appear

Answer 18

can cause serious damage to inner ears and kidneys; give parenterally Gentamicin: SE- oto and nephrotoxicity, contrain- preg, renal impair, neonates, geri, neuromuscular dz

Answer 19

usually not a first choice drug; broadest spectrum and greatest potency, caution use in penicillin allergy; can cause bleeding, avoid alcohol SE- CDAD, seizures, rash, diarrhea, Contrain- renal impair, GI dz, lactation

Answer 20

H1: mild allergy, motion sickness, insomnia, common cold ; vasodilates, increase capillary permeability, bronchoconstriction, 1st gen has sedation; H2: gastric and duodenal ulcers SE- sedation(1st gen), cns effects, n/v, constipation; anticholinergic effect Contrain in 3rd trimester and lactation

Answer 21

primary tx for MRSA; SE- nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, DRESS, SJS, TEN, Contrain- renal and hearing impairment; int obstruction/inflammation, preg lact given parenterally EXCEPT for C.diff (must be given oral)

Answer 22

not active against MRSA; must be given parenterally; Imipenem: extremely broad; SE- CDAD, seizures, n/v/d, rash Contrain- cross sensitivty with penicillin/cephalosporins, seizure disorder, renal impair, lact, preg,; may decreased effectiveness of antiseizure drugs

Answer 23

G and V are naturally occuring; V: narrow; oral G: parenteral, narrow Amoxicillin: broad oral SE- DRESS, SJS, CDAD, TEN, seizures, rash, n/v/d; Contrain- severe renal impair, lactation, geri, preg,

Answer 24

SE- torsades de pointes, SJS, TEN, hepatotoxicity Contrain- concurrent use of erythromycin (and others), pregnancy, renal impair, liver dz, heart dz, QT interval issues

Answer 25

broad spectrum, resistance has emerged; Contrain- do not give to preg or children <8, those with renal impair, ca, milk, iron, mag and most antacids; SE- tooth discoloration, bony growth retardation, photosensitivity, hepatotoxicity avoid giving at bed; give on empty stomach treats acne too

Answer 26

broad spectrum; FIRST choice for PERTUSSIS (whooping cough) SE- n/v/d; epigastric pain, can prolong QT interval (Torsades De pointes), CDAD, arrythmias, Contrain: long QT syndrome, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, HR <50, preg, geri

Answer 27

ONLY used for candidiasis (yeast) infection of skin, mouth, esophagus, vagina SE- SJS, contact dermatitis, n/v/d, stomach pain Caution in denture wearers (soak in nystatin) Admin suspension by placing 1/2 dose in each side of mouth

Answer 28

HIGHLY TOXIC; drug of choice for sys fungal (life threatning) SE- chest pain, hypotension, n/v/d, abd pain, nephrotoxic, chills, fever Contrain- lactation, renal impair, electrolyte issues, leukocyte transfusion Conventional lipid based formualtion are NOT interchangeable; monitor extremely closely