Module 6 Flashcards
Define ball and socket joint
Round end of a bone that connects into the hollow end of another bone….hip and shoulder
3 types of joints
Ball and socket,hinge and pivot
Define a hinge joint
Allows movement in 1 direction…elbow and knee
Define a pivot joint
Allows side to side movement…skull connects to spine
Define ligaments
Strong strands of connective tissue that hold the joints together
Define joints
Where 2 or more bones meet and allow movement
What is Muscle Atrophy
The wasting away of muscle
Name 4types of bones and give and example
Long bones…weight bearing..lg bones femur
Short bones…allows movement…fingers and toes
Flat bones…protects the organs..pelvis, shoulder blades
Irregular bones…allow movement and flexibility…vertebae
How many bones in the human body
206
Define Musculoskeletal system
Framework of your body
Allows your body to move
Consists of bones, muscles, cartilage, ligaments and tendons
List 3 important functions of muscles
Movement of body
Create body heat
Maintain posture
List 3 types of muscles
Voluntary…we control them..moving of arms and legs
Involuntary…we have no control happens automatically…(peristalsis wave like contractions) swallowing and going thru the intestines
Cardiac…found only in the heart
List 6 rules for lifting heavy objects
Use legs Face work area Use wide base (30 cm) Keep objects close Push/pull rather than lift Get help with heavy clients
Name types of walking aids
2 and 4 wheel walkers Manual and electric wheelchairs Canes Crutches Brace
Range of motion (ROM) define
Moving a joint the full extent possible without causing pain
Name 2 kinds of ROM
Active…client does independently
Passive…someone else moves the joint
What do you document when doing ROM
Number of reps
If client participated
If any complaints of pain
What ROM was done
Define hyper extension
Excessive straightening
Define rotate
Turn the joint
Internal rotation
Turning the joint inwards
External rotation
Turning the joint outwards
Dorsiflexion
Bending the foot upwards
Plantar flexion
Bending the foot downwards
Pronation
Turning down
Supination
Turning upwards
Supine
Flat on back
Lateral
Side lying…uses pillows to support neck and knees
Sims position
Left side used for enemas and fleets
Prone position
Front lying on abdomen head to one side
What is dangling
Sitting a patient on the edge of the bed. Helps to transition the client from lying down to sitting up. Gives the patient the chance to recover between tasks and lessens the risk of decreased blood pressure
Define log rolling
Way of rolling someone who needs to keep their body in alignment.
Need lots of communication
