Module 5: Principles of Data Ethics Flashcards
- Ethics is primarily concerned with:
A) Economics
B) Morality
C) Technology
D) Efficiency
Answer: B) Morality
- Which branch of ethics seeks to establish well-founded views on morality in specific contexts, like digital tools?
A) Descriptive ethics
B) Metaethics
C) Normative ethics
D) Practical ethics
Answer: C) Normative ethics
- Why is there a global consensus on the importance of ethics in digital technology?
A) Technology rarely impacts daily life.
B) Technology only poses benefits, not risks.
C) Technology provides benefits but also has risks like privacy and security issues.
D) Laws are always up-to-date with technology.
Answer: C) Technology provides benefits but also has risks like privacy and security issues.
Why must ordinary users, as well as technologists, understand digital ethics?
A) Only experts need to be ethical.
B) Laws fully cover all ethical issues in technology.
C) Users should navigate benefits and risks responsibly.
D) Technology ethics is optional.
Answer: C) Users should navigate benefits and risks responsibly.
- Which moral theory asserts that an action is right if it maximizes well-being or pleasure?
A) Deontological ethics
B) Virtue ethics
C) Utilitarianism
D) Rights-based ethics
Answer: C) Utilitarianism
According to virtue ethics, an action is morally right if it:
A) Maximizes happiness for the most people.
B) Treats people as ends in themselves.
C) Aligns with what a virtuous person would do.
D) Fulfills a legal requirement.
Answer: C) Aligns with what a virtuous person would do.
- Immanuel Kant’s deontological ethics focuses on:
A) Maximizing well-being
B) Following virtues like honesty and courage
C) Treating individuals as ends, not means
D) Promoting personal desires
Answer: C) Treating individuals as ends, not means
- Why might it be difficult to apply moral theories directly in specific data ethics contexts?
A) Moral theories are too specific.
B) Moral theories are too general.
C) Data ethics lacks established theories.
D) All moral theories are outdated.
Answer: B) Moral theories are too general.
- According to the Singapore Computer Society’s code, integrity means:
A) Acting only in one’s interest.
B) Claiming competence in all areas.
C) Acting impartially and with discretion.
D) Disregarding confidentiality.
Answer: C) Acting impartially and with discretion.
- Professionalism in data ethics means:
A) Always seeking personal advantage.
B) Avoiding participation in professional standards.
C) Enhancing the reputation of the profession and society.
D) Slandering others to get ahead.
Answer: C) Enhancing the reputation of the profession and society.
- Which of the following is an example of cyberbullying?
A) Complimenting someone online
B) Sharing someone’s secrets without consent
C) Sending encouraging messages
D) Discussing data ethics in a class
Answer: B) Sharing someone’s secrets without consent
- Which age group in Singapore reported the highest exposure to cyberbullying?
A) 8–12 years
B) 13–19 years
C) 20–25 years
D) 30+ years
Answer: B) 13–19 years
- Informational privacy includes protecting:
A) Public events
B) Non-confidential information
C) Data about people’s private lives
D) Government reports
Answer: C) Data about people’s private lives
- Which human rights document protects the right to privacy?
A) Universal Declaration of Human Rights
B) Code of Hammurabi
C) US Constitution
D) Magna Carta
Answer: A) Universal Declaration of Human Rights
- According to De George’s criteria, whistle-blowing is morally permissible if:
A) The issue is minor and does not affect anyone.
B) Internal procedures have not been tried.
C) Serious harm is likely, and internal reporting has been exhausted.
D) There is no public interest in the issue.
Answer: C) Serious harm is likely, and internal reporting has been exhausted.
