Module 5 Part IV and V Flashcards
Adhesive Allergy
- One solution is to place a clean, folded gauze over the site and wrap with self-adherent bandaging material such as ___
- Wrap the bandage not too tightly, and the patient should be instructed to remove it in ___
- Instruct the patient to hold pressure for ___ in lieu of applying a bandage
- Coban
- 15 minutes
- 5 minutes
3 types of allergies
- Adhesive
- Antiseptic
- Latex
Excessive bleeding
Some patients, particularly those on ___, may take longer to stop bleeding
Aspirin or anticoagulant therapy
Excessive bleeding (What to do)
- Apply pressure onto puncture site until the bleeding stops
- Appropriate personnel should be notified immediately if the bleeding continues after ___
5 minutes
Loss of consciousness and postural tone resulting from insufficient blood flow to the brain
Fainting or syncope
Fainting can last for?
A few seconds to half an hour
Any patient has the potential to faint ___, ___, or ___ venipuncture
- Before
- During
- Immediately following
Sudden faintness due to a nervous system response to abrupt pain, stress, or trauma
Vasovagal syncope
Fainting (Note)
Use of ___ to revive patients can have unwanted side effects such as respiratory distress in asthmatic individuals and is not recommended
Ammonia inhalants
Fainting (Note)
When a patient who regains consciousness after fainting, instruct her to remain in the area at least for ___. He should be instructed not to operate a vehicle at least ___
- 15 minutes
- 30 minutes
- Excessive, deep, blind, or lateral redirection of the needle in the puncture site
- Painful and can cause injury to arteries, nerves, and other tissues
Probing
Tiny, non-raised, red spots that appear on the patient’s skin when a tourniquet is applied
Petechiae
Petechia are most commonly as a result of ___ or ___
- Capillary wall defects
- Platelet abnormalities
Most common complication of venipuncture
Hematoma formation
Caused by blood leaking into the tissues during or following venipuncture and is identified by rapid swelling at or near
the venipuncture site
Hematoma
- Are painful and often result in unsightly bruising
- Can also cause compression injuries to nerves and lead to lawsuits
Hematoma
Hematoma (What to do)
- Ice applied in the ___ helps manage the swelling and discomfort
- After 24 hours, application of ___, moist compress can encourage the resorption of accumulated blood
- First 24 hours
- Heat or warm
Blood loss to a point where life cannot be sustained is called ___
Exsanguination
Life is threatened if ___ of a patient’s blood volume is removed at one time or over a short period of time
More than 10%
Inadvertent arterial puncture is most often associated with deep or blind probing, especially in the area of the ___, which is in close proximity to the ___
- Basilic vein
- Brachial artery
A main nerve that is possibly injured during venipuncture is the ___
Median cutaneous nerve
Meaning
Blood can “reflux”
Flow back
Reflux of additive
Some patients have had adverse reactions to tube additives, particularly ___, that were attributed to reflux
EDTA
Blood loss as a result of blood removed for testing is called ___
Iatrogenic blood loss
Fainting
In-patients who typically are already ___, rarely faint during blood draws. Outpatients are more likely to faint because they are usually ___ up during venipuncture.
- Lying down
- Sitting
9 Steps to Follow if a Patient Starts to Faint During Venipuncture
- Release the tourniquet and swiftly remove and discard the needle
- Apply pressure to the site
- Talk to the patient
- Physically support the patient
- If necessary, request permission and provide an explanation before loosening a tight collar or tie
- Apply a cold compress
- Ensure someone remains with the patient until full recovery
- Call first aid personnel
- Document the incident
Pain
Warning the patient prior to needle insertion helps avoid a ___
Startle reflex
T or F
Seizures are proven to have been caused by venipuncture
False
