Module 5 - Integumentary System Flashcards
What is the structure and function of hair?
Hair is a filamentous structure composed of keratinized cells. Its function includes insulation, protection, and sensory perception.
What is the life cycle of hair?
The hair life cycle involves three phases: anagen (growth), catagen (transitional), and telogen (resting).
Name and describe the major glands in the integumentary system.
The major glands in the integumentary system include sweat glands (eccrine and apocrine) and sebaceous glands. Sweat glands produce sweat for temperature regulation, while sebaceous glands produce sebum for skin lubrication.
Describe wound healing and differentiate between the two major types.
Wound healing can be divided into two major types: regeneration, where damaged tissue is replaced with the same type of tissue, and fibrosis, where damaged tissue is replaced by fibrous scar tissue.
What causes aging in the integumentary system?
Aging in the integumentary system is primarily caused by factors such as decreased collagen production, reduced elasticity, and cumulative sun exposure.
Describe the classification of burns.
Burns are classified into four degrees: first-degree (superficial), second-degree (partial-thickness), third-degree (full-thickness), and fourth-degree (deep full-thickness) burns.
Identify and describe the three layers of the skin.
The three layers of the skin are the epidermis (outermost), dermis (middle), and hypodermis (subcutaneous).
Identify and describe the five layers of the epidermis.
The five layers of the epidermis, from deep to superficial, are the stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum (only in thick skin), and stratum corneum.
Identify and describe the four major cell types in the epidermis.
The four major cell types in the epidermis are keratinocytes (produce keratin), melanocytes (produce melanin), Langerhans cells (immune function), and Merkel cells (touch receptors).
Describe conditions that arise when there is a disruption in homeostasis in cell homeostasis
Disruptions in cell homeostasis can lead to conditions like skin cancer (from keratinocyte or melanocyte abnormalities), autoimmune disorders (affecting Langerhans cells), and sensory disorders (due to Merkel cell dysfunction).
Describe the sensory function of the skin.
The skin serves as a sensory organ by detecting touch, pressure, temperature, and pain through specialized receptors and nerve endings.
Describe the components and functions of the dermis, with specificity to the two divisions.
The dermis consists of two layers, the papillary dermis (upper) which contains blood vessels and sensory receptors, and the reticular dermis (deeper) with collagen and elastic fibers for strength and elasticity.
Describe the components and functions of the hypodermis.
The hypodermis is composed of adipose tissue and connective tissue, providing insulation, energy storage, and cushioning for the body.
