Module 5 (Immune System) Overview Flashcards
Diseases Affected by the Immune System
Infectious diseases
Inflammatory diseases
Cancer
Immune System Composition
Organs
Cells
Molecules
Microbes
Virsues
Bacteria
Fungi
Protozoa
Organs of the immune system
Primary
- Thymus
- Bone Marrow
Secondary
- Spleen
- Lymph nodes
Layers of defence
Chemical and physical barriers (skin and mucous membranes)
Innate immunity
Adaptive immunity
Blood composition
55% Plasma
- proteins
- other solutes
- water
45% Cells
- Platelets
- White Blood Cells
- Red Blood Cells
Blood cell lineages
Erythroid
Myeloid
Lymphoid
Lymphoid Cells
T cells
B cells
Types of Myeloid Innate Cells
Granulocytes (Neutrophils and Mast cells)
Monocytes - Macrophages
Dendritic Cells
Platelets
Innate Recognition Tools
Toll-Like Receptors (TLR)
Pathogen Associated Molecular Pattern (PAMPS)
Common Virus Building Blocks
Nucleic acid
ssRNA
dsRNA
Common Bacterial Building Blocks
Cell wall
Flagella
Nucleic acid
Inflammation Process
- Chemical signals = Neutrophilia
- Neutrophils stick to capillary walls
- Blood vessels dilate and margination occurs
- Chemotaxis
Phagocytosis Process
- Phagocyte adheres to pathogen
- Pseaudopods = phagosome formed
- Lysosome + phagosome = phagolysosome
- Pathogen destroyed
- Exocytosis (sometimes)
Complement Activation Pathways
Classical
Alternative
Lectin
Complement Functions
Opsonise
Recruit
Destroy
Soluble Molecules
Cytokines
Chemokines
Antibody Isotypes
IgM IgG IgA IgE IgD
Antibody Functions
Opsonisation
Neutralisation
Classical pathway activation
Immune responses
Primary
Secondary
Types of Vaccines
Live attenuated
Killed
mRNA subunit
Protein subunit
Autoimmune diseases
Rhematoid Arthritis
Type 1 Diabetes
Graves
