Module 4 (Endocrine System) Overview Flashcards
Hormone classes
Lipid
Amino Acid
Peptide
= Water-soluble
= Lipid-soluble
Metabolism
Catabolic - glycogenolysis - proteolysis - lipidlysis \+ gluconeogenesis
Anabolic
- glycogenesis
- protein synthesis
- lipogenesis
Endocrine Glands
Hypothalamus Pituitary Gland (anterior and posterior) Thyroid Gland Parathyroid Gland Adrenal Gland Pancreas
Loss of homeostasis
Hyposecretion
Hypersecretion
Hyposensitivity
Hypersensitivity
Beneficial shifts in set point
Change in altitude
Change in climate
Fever
Growth and Repair
Controlled by anterior pituitary gland
Secretes growth hormone
Short term = catabolic effects
Long term = anabolic effects
(first hypothalamus secretes GH-IH or GH-RH)
Growth hormone disorders
Gigantism
Dwarfism
Blood sugar concentration
Controlled by the pancreas
Alpha islets secrete glucagon = catabolic effects to increase BGL
Beta islets secrete insulin = anabolic effects to decrease BGL
Insulin hormone disorders
Diabetes mellitus
Type 1
Type 2
Basal Metabolic Rate
Controlled by the thyroid gland
Secretes thyroid hormone
(first hypothalamus secretes TRH and then anterior pituitary secretes TSH)
Thyroid hormone disorders
Graves
Infantile hypothyroidism
Simple Goiter
Blood Ca2+ Concentration
Controlled by parathyroid gland
Secretes parathyroid hormone
Parathyroid hormone disorders
Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia
Hypocalcemia
Cortisol Regulation
Controlled by the adrenal glands adrenal cortex
Produces and secretes cortisol
= Catabolic effects
(first hypothalamus secretes CRH and then anterior pituitary secretes ACTH)
Cortisol hormones disorders
Addisons disease
Cushing’s disease
