Module 5 GI Drugs

Question 1

Meclizine (Antivert)

Answer 1

Class: Antihistamines /antiemetic

Tx: dizziness, vertigo, nausea/vomiting

Side effects: dry mouth, HYPO-tension, sedative effects, rashes, constipation

Contraindications: shock and lactation

Route: PO only
Onset: 1hr

Question 2

Metoclopramide (Reglan)

Answer 2

“Reglan keeps a regular” also antiemetic

Class: phenothiazine / dopamine antagonist

Tx: delayed gastric emptying,  gastroesophageal reflux, prevention of post-op N/V

Side effects: dry mouth, hypotension, sedative, rash, anxiety/hallucinations

Route: PO, IV/IM



Question 3

Ondansetron (Zofran)

Answer 3

Class: Serotonin antagonist /antiemetic

Route: PO & IV

Tx: chemo- induced and post-op N/V, pregnancy N/V

Side Effects: constipation, diarrhea, headache, fatigue, malaise, increased LFTs

contraindication: known drug allergy

Question 4

Pantoprazole (Protonix)

Answer 4

1st line defense for GERD

Class: proton-pump inhibitor

Side effects: JOINT PAIN/bone weakening/osteoporosis. C-DIFF, headache, diarrhea, abdominal pain, gas, dizziness

Route: PO, IV

MOA: It BLOCKS gastric acid secretion

Tx: used as prophylaxis for stress of surgery and hospital stay, GERD, Stress ulcer

Question 5

Famotidine (Pepcid)

Answer 5

Class: H2 receptor Blocker

Route: PO, INJ

MOA: block the action of histamine on H2 receptors to decrease acid secretion

Tx: GERD, ulcers

*take 30 minutes before meals (take 30 minutes before you go “TI DINE”

Side effects: DO NOT TAKE NSAIDs/ bleeding, N/V, headache, constipation, diarrhea