Module 5 Flashcards
People’s behaviors, feelings about self and others, values, and priorities are all related to …
physiologic and psychosocial needs
Meeting ____ is essential for the health and survival of all people
needs
A person can meet some needs independently, but …
most needs require relationships and interactions with others for partial or complete fulfillment
Satisfying one’s needs often depends on …
the physical and social environment, especially one’s family and community
Characteristics of Maslows’ Need Hierarchy / Basic Needs
- Fulfillment will help prevent illness or signal health, while lack of it leads to illness
-meeting basic needs restores health
-fulfillment of basic needs (lower hierarchy) take priority over other satisfactions if they are not met
-Feelings like something is missing if a need is unmet
-A person feels satisfaction when a need is met
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs
Self Actualization
Self Esteem
Love and Belonging
Safety and Security
Physiologic (Basic)
Physiologic Needs
- Stage 1 Needs
This includes things needed to sustain life:
oxygen (most essential)
water
food
elimination of waste
temperature
sexuality
physical acitivity
rest
Safety and Security Needs
-Stage 2 Needs
This includes both physical and emotional components of being protected from potential or actual harm.
Examples of interventions to meet this:
-Using proper hand hygiene to prevent infection
-using electrical equipment properly
-administering medication knowledgeably
Love and Belonging Needs
-Stage 3 Needs
This includes higher level needs; understanding and acceptance of others in both living and receiving loves
The feeling of belonging to groups like families, peers, friends, neighborhood, community
If unmet, loneliness and isolation can occur so it is important to include family and friends in patient care and to establish a trusting nurse-patient relationship
Self Esteem Needs
-Stage 4 Needs
Need for a person to feel good about oneself, to feel pride and a sense of accomplishment, and believe that others also respect and appreciate those accomplishments
Factors that affect self esteem are role changes and body image changes, and positive self esteem facilitates the persons confidence and independence
Self Actualization Needs
-Stage 5 Needs
Acceptance of self and others as they are
Focus on interest of problems outside oneself
Ability to be objective
Feelings of happiness and affection for others
Respect for all people
Ability to Discriminate between good and evil
Creativity as a guideline for solving problems and pursuing interests
Family
any group of people who live together and depends on one another for physical, emotional, and financial support
Nuclear Familiy
Traditional family; two parents and their children
Extended Family
Includes aunts, uncles, grandparents, etc
Blended Family
two parents and their unrelated children from previous relationships
Single-Parent Family
Maybe separated, divorced, widowed, or never married
What are the 5 Family Functions?
- Physical
- Economic
- Reproductive
- Affective and Coping
- Socialization
Family Stages
- Couple and Family with Children
- Family with Adolescents and Young Adults
- Family with Middle Aged Adults
- Family with Older Adults
Risk Factors that can Alter Family Health
Lifestyle Risk Factors
Psychosocial Risk Factors
Environmental Risk Factors
Developmental Risk Factors
Biologic Risk Factors
Community Factors that can Affect Family Health/Health
Social Support Systems
Community Health Care Structure
Economic Resources
Environmental Factors
Characteristics of a Community that Influences the Health of a Member
Prevailing Values and Beliefs
Education and Recreation Programs
Healthcare Resources
Production of Services and Goods
Transportation and Communication Facilities
Protection, Safety, and Aesthetic Concerns
*missing one of these can seriously impact a member
What is nursing according to the ANA?
- Provision of a caring relationship to facilitate health
-Attention to the range of human exp and responses to health/illness in the patients environment
-Integration of objective data with knowledge from the patients subjective exp
-Application of sci knowledge to the diagnosis and treatment through the use of judgment and critical thinking
-Advancement of professional nursing practice knowledge thru scholarly inquiry
-Influence on social and public policy to promote social justice
-Assurance of a safe, quality, and Evidence based practice
Thoughtful Person-Centered Practice
Relationship between the professional nurse and the person, with a focus on that person/patient
It involves reflective practice learning to personal learning, clinical reasoning, judgment, and decision making
The nurse’s action should be in response to the individual clinical need, and be done in a way to help the patient make the decision
It is PERSON CENTERED
Thoughtful Person-Centered Practice should involve giving the patient…
information in order to help them make a decision on their health
Dynamics of Thoughtful Person-Centered Care
- Reflective Practice leading to Personal Learning
- Patient Centered Nursing Process (ADPIE)
- Clinical Reasoning, judgment and decision making
- The nurse’s: Personal attributes, knowledge base, clinical exp (QSEN and Blended competencies)
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The person/patient is at the center of this all
10 Guiding Principles of Person-Centered Care
- ALL team members are caregivers (not just nurse)
- Care is based on CONTINUOUS HEALING RELATIONSHIP
- Care is CUSTOMIZED AND REFLECTED in patient needs, values, and choices
- KNOWLEDGE/INFO FREELY SHARED between and among patients, caregivers, physicians, and other care partners
- Care given in a HEALING ENVIRONMENT of comfort, peace, and support
6.FAMILIES AND FRIENDS ARE ESSENTIAL as a part of the care team
- PATIENT SAFETY is a visible priority
- TRANSPARENCY to the rule in the care of the patient
- All caregivers cooperate with one another through a COMMON FOCUS on the best interested and personal goals of the patient
- The PATIENT IS THE SOURCE of control for their care
According to the IAHC (International Association of Human Caring), Caring is…
- the human mode of being
2.the essence of nursing and the moral imperative that guides nursing practice
- both spiritual and human consciousness that connects and transforms everything in the universe
- in nursing, action and competencies that aim toward the good and welfare of others
- in nursing, a special way of being/knowing/doing with the goal of protection/enhancement/preservation of human dignity
- culturally diverse and universal, and provides the broadest and most important means to study and explain nursing knowledge and nursing care practice
The Professional Nurse possesses what 3 things?
- Personal Attributes (what you bring to the table)
- Knowledge Base
- Blended Competencies
What competencies are developed/included in Blended Competencies?
- Cognitive
- Technical
- Interpersonal
- Ethical/Legal
Cognitive Competencies
- Competencies that develop the method of critical thinking (purpose of thinking, knowledge adequacy, potential problems, helpful resources, critique of judgment/decisions)
-These are skills/developing the personal attributes OT THINK CRITICALLY
Technical Competencies
Skills
ex: assessments, VS, changing, etc
Interpersonal Competencies
Developing communication skills in a professional way (can be difficult for some to achieve)
Includes:
-Promoting human dignity and respect
-establishing caring relationships
-enjoying the rewards of mutual exchange
Ethical/Legal Competencies
Skills in regard to ethical and legal considerations
ex: The Native American Gangrene Foot Story
QSEN Competencies
-components and skills needed to provide high quality healthcare on the part of the nurse
Includes:
1. Patient Centered Base
2. Teamwork and Collaboration
3. EBP
4. Quality Improvement
5. Safety Informatics
Problem Solving Methods in the Nursing Process1
- Trial and Error
- Scientific
- Intuitive
- Critical Thinking
Trial and Error Problem Solving
understanding not to do the same mistake again
Scientific Problem Solving
Solving via known and tested methods
Intuitive Problem Solving
Comparing experiences / patient stories to solve the problem
Critical Thinking
Using Intuition, Logic, or Both to solve a problem
Potential Errors in Decision Making / Problem Solving
- Bias
- Failure to consider the total situation
- Impatience
5 Steps of the nursing Process
Assessing
Diagnosing
Planning
Implementing
Evaluating
Assessing
collective, validating, and communicating patient data
Diagnosis
analyzing patient data to identify patient strengths and problems
Planning
specifying patient outcomes and related nursing interventions
Implementing
carrying out the care plan
Evaluating
measuring extent to which patient achieved outcomes
Characteristics of the Nursing Process
Systematic
Dynamic
Interpersonal
Outcome Oriented
Universally Applicable
What does the nursing process as systematic mean?
it is part of an ordered sequence of activities
What does the nursing process as dynamic mean?
there is great interaction and overlap among the five steps
What does the nursing process as interpersonal mean?
human being is always at the heart of nursing and the nursing process
What does the nursing process as outcome oriented mean?
nurses and patients work together to identify outcomes
What does the nursing process as Universally Applicable mean?
A framework for all nursing activities
Benefits of the Nursing Process for the Patient
-it is scientifically based, holistic, and individualized patient care allowing
- allows for continuity of care
- it makes a clear, efficient, cost-effective plan of action
Benefits of the Nursing Process for the Nurse
-gives opportunity to work collaboratively with other healthcare workers
-gives satisfaction of making a difference in the lives of patients
-gives the opportunity to grow professionally
Concept Mapping
mapping out patient information and its connections to different factors to map out their health and come up with an eventual nursing diagnosis
Steps in concept Mapping
- collect patient problems and concerns on a list
- connect and analyze relationships
- Create a diagram
- while doing all this keep in mind key concepts of the nursing process, holism, safety, and advocacy
Reflective Practice
Reflecting on experience in practice to aid critical thinking and person centered care
Reflection IN action
happens in the here and now of the activity and is also known as “thinking on your feet/ in the moment”
Reflection ON action
occurs after the fact and involves thinking through a situation that has occurred in the past
Reflection FOR action
helps the person to think about how future actions might change as a result of the reflection
