Module 10 -Culture Flashcards
What sort of cultural trends are we seeing in the US?
Increase in bigger families, older families, more hispanic and asians in the population
Decrease in traditional families
Cultural Diversity
Coexistence of different ethnic, biologic sex, and social economic groups in a social unit (Age, size, occupational status, etc)
What is important to giving high quality healthcare?
Cultural Respect
What are some aspects of cultural diversity?
Varying cultures
Racial and ethnic origin
Religion
Physical size, age, and gender
Sexual orientation
Disability
Socioeconomic and occupational status
Geographical location
Culture
Shared systems of beliefs, values, and behavioral expectations that provide social structures of daily living
What does culture define?
roles and interactions with others and in families and communities
How is culture apparent?
In the attitudes and institutions unique to the culture
Subculture
Large group of people who are members of a larger cultural group
Members have certain ethnic, occupational, or physical characteristics not common to the larger culture
ex: Educators and Learners at BU, Decker college is a subculture interest
What groups make up society?
Dominant Group and Minority Group
Dominant Group
(usually the largest group)
Has the most authority to control values and sanctions of society
ex: Parents
Minority Group
(The smaller group)
A physical or cultural characteristic identifies the people as different from dominant group
Ex: Teenagers
Cultural Assimilation (Acculturation)
Minorities living within a dominant group lose the characteristics that made them different
Values replaced by those of dominant culture
Cultural Shock
The feelings a person experiences when placed in a different culture
May result in psychological discomfort or disturbances
Ethnicity
Sense of Identification with a collective cultural group
largely based on groups common heritage
One can belong to an ethnic group through birth or adoption of characteristics of that group
Groups share unique cultural and social beliefs and behavior patterns
largely develops through day to day life withy family and friends within the community
Race
Typically based on specific characteristics like ski pigmentation, body stature, facial features, hair texture
5 Major Categories of Race
American indian or Alaska Native
Asian
Black or African American
Native hawaiin or other pacific islander
White (caucasian, anglo-american)
Stereotyping
The assumption that all members of a culture or ethnic group acts alike
May be positive or negative
What is included in negative stereotyping?
Racism
Ageism
Sexism
Cultural imposition
Belief that everyone should conform to the majority belief system
Cultural Blindness
Ignores differences and proceeds as if they did not exist
Culture Conflict
people become aware of differences and feel threatened
response-ridiculing beliefs and traditions of others to make themselves feel more secure
Etnocentrism
Stay Away From this!!!
Belief that ones ideas, beliefs, and practices are the best or superior or are most preferred to those of others
Cultural influences on health care?
Physiologic variations
Reactions to pain
Mental health
Gender roles
Language and communication
Orientation to space and time
Food and nutrition
Family support
Socioeconomic factors
What is important to consider regarding pain and culturally competent nursing care?
Recognize that each person hold various beliefs about pain and that pain is what the patient says it is
Respect the patient’s right to respond to pain in one’s own fashion
Never stereotype a patient’s response to pain based on the patient’s culture
Be sensitive to nonverbal signals of discomfort, such as holding or applying pressure to the painful area or avoiding activities that intensify the pain
The Culture of Poverty
Major Healthcare barrier:
Feeling of despair, resignation, and fatalism
Day-to-day attitude toward life; no hope for future
Unemployment and need for financial or government aid
Unstable family structure; possible characterized by abusiveness and abandonment
Decline in self-respect and retreat from community involvement
Elements of Cultural Competence
Developing self-awareness
Demonstrating knowledge and understanding of a patient’s culture
Accepting and respecting cultural differences
Not assuming that the health care provider’s beliefs and values are the same as the client’s
Resisting judgmental attitudes such as “different is not as good”
Being open to and comfortable with cultural encounters
Accepting responsibility for one’s own cultural competency
Factors with big impact on culturally diverse interactions?
Cultural background of each participant
Expectations and beliefs of each person about health care
Cultural context of the encounter
Degree of agreement between the sets of beliefs and values of the two persons
Guidelines for Providing Culturally Competent Nursing Care
Develop cultural self-awareness
Develop cultural knowledge
Accommodate cultural practices in health care
Respect culturally based family roles
Avoid mandating change
Seek cultural assistance
Areas a nurse needs to understand when performing a cultural assessment
Beliefs, values, traditions and practices of a culture
Culturally defined, health-related needs of individuals, families, and communities
Culturally based belief systems of the etiology of illness and disease and those related to health and healing
Attitude toward seeking help from health care providers
