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NAT303 - Holistic Pathology > Module 5 > Flashcards

Module 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Which condition occurs mainly in women and is usually caused by an ascending infection from the peri-anal region through the urethra?

a. pyelonephritis
b. cystitis
c. kidney stones
d. acute glomerulonephritis

A

b. cystitis

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2
Q

What condition is caused by abnormal deposits of mineral salts in the kidneys?

a. pyelonephritis
b. cystitis
c. renal calculi
d. acute glomerulonephritis

A

c. renal calculi

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3
Q

What condition does Saw palmetto, nettle, and Pygeum africanum help?

a. prostatitis
b. BPH
c. glomerulonephritis
d. both a and b

A

c. glomerulonephritis

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4
Q

What class of herbs is used to soothe the bladder lining?

a. diuretics
b. urinary antiseptics
c. urinary tonics
d. demulcents

A

d. demulcents

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5
Q

In prostatitis, the bacteria causing the infection are found in the …

a. kidneys.
b. bladder.
c. prostate.
d. ureters.

A

c. prostate.

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6
Q

What condition has cranberry has been shown to be particularly effective at both preventing and relieving?

a. pyelonephritis
b. cystitis
c. prostatitis
d. acute glomerulonephritis

A

b. cystitis

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7
Q

Which dietary habit has NOT been linked to kidney stones?

a. alcohol consumption
b. high animal protein
c. high fiber
d. high calcium

A

c. high fiber

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8
Q

What class of herbs are used to increase urine flow?

a. diuretics
b. urinary antiseptics
c. urinary tonics
d. demulcents

A

a. diuretics

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9
Q

In cystitis, bacteria causing the infection are found in the …

a. kidneys.
b. bladder.
c. prostate.
d. ureter.

A

b. bladder.

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10
Q

In pyelonephritis, bacteria causing the infection are found in the …

a. kidneys.
b. bladder.
c. prostate.
d. lung.

A

a. kidneys.

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11
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Douching is helpful for vaginal infections and carries no risks.

A

False

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12
Q

The absence of periods in a reproductive aged woman is known as …

a. amenorrhea.
b. menopause.
c. perimenopause.
d. dysmenorrhea.

A

a. amenorrhea.

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13
Q

What condition causes intense itching in the vagina and vulva area and is accompanied by white discharge and a yeast-like smell?

a. amenorrhea
b. candidiasis
c. PMS
d. dysmenorrhea

A

b. candidiasis

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14
Q

The definition of menopause is …

a. an estrogen deficiency disorder.
b. 12 consecutive months without a period.
c. cessation of periods following surgery to remove the uterus and/or ovaries.
d. both b and c.

A

d. both b and c.

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15
Q

Regular exercise is vitally important for overall health and many women have found it helpful for …

a. PMS (premenstrual syndrome) or PMT (premenstrual tension).
b. dysmenorrhea.
c. amenorrhea.
d. both a and b.

A

d. both a and b.

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16
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Leucorrhea can be caused by Candida albicans.

A

True

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17
Q

The most studied herb containing phytoestrogens is …

a. alfalfa.
b. chaste tree berry.
c. black cohosh.
d. red clover.

A

c. black cohosh.

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18
Q

Ten days before menstruation, increasing calcium supplementation up to l000-mg and magnesium up to 500-mg can be helpful for …

a. amenorrhea.
b. candidiasis.
c. leucorrhea.
d. dysmenorrhea.

A

d. dysmenorrhea.

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19
Q

In the case of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), the most effective method of restoring normal menstruation is:

a. weight loss.
b. vitamin D supplementation.
c. yoga therapy.
d. adaptogenic herb supplementation.

A

a. weight loss.

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20
Q

Taking prolonged courses of antibiotics can cause …

a. amenorrhea.
b. candidiasis.
c. PMS.
d. dysmenorrhea.

A

b. candidiasis.

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21
Q

Which condition is an affliction of middle age and occurs more frequently in men?

a. pyelonephritis
b. cystitis
c. kidney stones
d. acute glomerulonephritis

A

c. kidney stones

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22
Q

In what condition, is there usually pain between the scrotum and rectum, fever, and frequent urination, accompanied by a burning sensation?

a. cystitis
b. prostatitis
c. BPH
d. pyelonephritis

A

b. prostatitis

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23
Q

What class of herbs is used to soothe the bladder lining?

a. diuretics
b. urinary antiseptics
c. urinary tonics
d. demulcents

A

d. demulcents

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24
Q

In cystitis, bacteria causing the infection are found in the …

a. kidneys.
b. bladder.
c. prostate.
d. ureter.

A

b. bladder.

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25
Q

What condition can agrimony and tansy be used for?

a. prostatitis
b. BPH
c. glomerulonephritis
d. both a and b

A

d. both a and b

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26
Q

Which condition is more common in females, particularly following a bladder infection?

a. pyelonephritis
b. cystitis
c. kidney stones
d. acute nephritis

A

a. pyelonephritis

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27
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: An important factor in menopause may be an under functioning thyroid.

A

True

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28
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Gamma-linolenic Acid (GLA) deficiency is the most common Essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency seen in PMS.

A

True

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29
Q

Perimenopause is the time …

a. leading up to the cessation of periods.
b. in which hormone levels vary.
c. in which cycles change.
d. all of the above.

A

d. all of the above.

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30
Q

What condition is characterized by a itching and a whitish non-bloody discharge from the vagina?

a. premenstrual tension
b. menopause
c. leucorrhea
d. dysmenorrhea

A

c. leucorrhea

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31
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: A thick white “cottage cheese” vaginal discharge is one of a symptoms of a candida infection.

A

True

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32
Q

Increased prostaglandin output at the time of menstruation can lead to …

a. amenorrhea.
b. candidiasis.
c. premenstrual syndrome.
d. dysmenorrhea.

A

d. dysmenorrhea.

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33
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: After menopause a woman no longer makes estrogen.

A

False

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34
Q

The severity of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) symptoms is largely determined by:

a. obesity.
b. age.
c. nutritional deficiencies.
d. alcohol consumption.

A

a. obesity.

35
Q

Which of the following foods are beneficial to eat when dealing with Candida?

a. yeasted foods
b. animal proteins
c. yogurt
d. foods rich in sugars

A

c. yogurt

36
Q

Which of the following is a cause of dysmenorrhea?

a. menstrual clots
b. congestion and poor circulation in the pelvic muscles
c. fluctuating levels of estrogen and progesterone
d. all of the above

A

d. all of the above

37
Q

Saw palmetto is helpful in which condition?

a. cystitis
b. pyelonephritis
c. BPH
d. kidney stones

A

c. BPH

38
Q

What condition presents with the following symptoms: headache, sharp loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, puffy face, and scanty, smoky, or bloody urine?

a. pyelonephritis
b. cystitis
c. kidney stones
d. acute glomerulonephritis

A

d. acute glomerulonephritis

39
Q

In which condition is it important to avoid high-purine food and salt?

a. kidney stones
b. cystitis
c. prostatitis
d. pyelonephritis

A

a. kidney stones

40
Q

What condition is caused when immune complexes, that are formed to fight a Group A streptococcal infection, cross-react and cause kidney damage?

a. pyelonephritis
b. cystitis
c. kidney stones
d. acute glomerulonephritis

A

d. acute glomerulonephritis

41
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Alkalinizing the urine with citrate salts is helpful for cystitis.

A

True

42
Q

What condition can be avoided if a woman urinates immediately following sexual intercourse?

a. pyelonephritis
b. cystitis
c. kidney stones
d. acute glomerulonephritis

A

b. cystitis

43
Q

What class of herbs are used to reduce the amount of bacteria in the urinary system?

a. diuretics
b. urinary antiseptics
c. urinary tonics
d. demulcents

A

b. urinary antiseptics

44
Q

Phytoestrogens …

a. are plant estrogens.
b. are good substitutes for synthetic hormone replacement.
c. are plant-based compounds that have a balancing effect on the estrogen levels.
d. can be used safely in women with hormone sensitive cancers.

A

c. are plant-based compounds that have a balancing effect on the estrogen levels.

45
Q

Which of the following is NOT true concerning Candida?

a. Candida albicans is a fungus.
b. It is a bimorphic organism; that is, it can exist in two forms.
c. It is similar to the yeast cells that ferment fruit sugars.
d. It is a human pathogen (when present will cause disease).

A

d. It is a human pathogen (when present will cause disease).

46
Q

Which of the following is NOT considered a cause of amenorrhea?

a. endocrine imbalances
b. excessive dieting
c. excessive exercise
d. ovaries going into retirement at middle age

A

d. ovaries going into retirement at middle age

47
Q

What is a helpful support option for menopause?

a. repeated douches with a 1% vitamin C solution
b. massage to the lower back
c. herbs and diet to provide extra trace minerals and vitamins
d. regular infusions of chamomile to help alleviate painful cramping

A

c. herbs and diet to provide extra trace minerals and vitamins

48
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Natural support options have eliminated the need for women to take prescription hormone replacement therapy (HRT.)

A

False

49
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Gamma-linolenic Acid (GLA) deficiency is the most common Essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency seen in PMS.

A

True

50
Q

Perimenopause is the time …

a. leading up to the cessation of periods.
b. in which hormone levels vary.
c. in which cycles change.
d. all of the above.

A

d. all of the above.

51
Q

Irregular menstrual cycles, excess facial and body hair, and enlarged ovaries containing numerous small cysts are clinical signs of:

a. premenstrual syndrome (PMS).
b. polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).
c. leucorrhea.
d. dysmenorrhea.

A

b. polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).

52
Q

Increased prostaglandin output at the time of menstruation can lead to …

a. amenorrhea.
b. candidiasis.
c. premenstrual syndrome.
d. dysmenorrhea.

A

d. dysmenorrhea.

53
Q

Regular exercise is vitally important for overall health and many women have found it helpful for …

a. PMS (premenstrual syndrome) or PMT (premenstrual tension).
b. dysmenorrhea.
c. amenorrhea.
d. both a and b.

A

d. both a and b.

54
Q

from the peri-anal region through the urethra?

a. pyelonephritis
b. cystitis
c. kidney stones
d. acute glomerulonephritis

A

b. cystitis

55
Q

What condition is caused by levels of hormones changing as men age?

a. cystitis
b. prostatitis
c. BPH
d. pyelonephritis

A

c. BPH

56
Q

In acute glomerulonephritis, the bacteria causing the infection are found …

a. in the kidneys.
b. in the bladder.
c. in the prostate.
d. outside the urinary tract.

A

d. outside the urinary tract.

57
Q

What condition is more common in young men, and is usually caused by infection such as gonorrhea or trichomoniasis?

a. cystitis
b. prostatitis
c. BPH
d. pyelonephritis

A

b. prostatitis

58
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: A thick white “cottage cheese” vaginal discharge is one of a symptoms of a candida infection.

A

True

59
Q

Which dietary intervention is helpful for Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)?

a. decrease intake of soy products
b. consume moderate to large amounts of protein in dairy and animal products
c. ensure high salt intake
d. eliminate caffeine

A

d. eliminate caffeine

60
Q

What should you recommend if there is pain with a vaginal discharge?

a. repeated douches with a 1% vitamin C solution
b. massage to the lower back
c. herbs and diet to provide extra trace minerals and vitamins
d. a proper diagnosis by a licensed medical provider

A

d. a proper diagnosis by a licensed medical provider

61
Q

This condition generally occurs a week to 10 days before menstruation and usually stops a few hours or so after the period begins.

a. premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
b. menopause
c. leucorrhea
d. dysmenorrhea

A

a. premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

62
Q

The following therapy was shown to be effective for polycystic ovarian syndrome:

a. acupuncture.
b. aromatherapy.
c. yoga therapy.
d. A and C.

A

d. A and C.

63
Q

What condition can agrimony and tansy be used for?

a. prostatitis
b. BPH
c. glomerulonephritis
d. both a and b.

A

d. both a and b.

64
Q

What condition is helped when eliminating caffeine and adding pumpkin seeds to the diet?

a. prostatitis
b. BPH
c. glomerulonephritis
d. both a and b

A

d. both a and b

65
Q

What condition is caused when immune complexes, that are formed to fight a Group A streptococcal infection, cross-react and cause kidney damage?

a. pyelonephritis
b. cystitis
c. kidney stones
d. acute glomerulonephritis

A

d. acute glomerulonephritis

66
Q

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of low estrogen levels after menopause?

a. vaginal dryness
b. vaginal atrophy or thinning
c. anxiety, palpitations, trouble sleeping
d. loss of sexual interest

A

c. anxiety, palpitations, trouble sleeping

67
Q

Which of the following foods are beneficial to eat when dealing with Candida?

a. yeasted foods
b. animal proteins
c. yogurt
d. foods rich in sugars

A

c. yogurt

68
Q

The absence of periods in a reproductive aged woman is known as …

a. amenorrhea.
b. menopause.
c. perimenopause.
d. dysmenorrhea.

A

a. amenorrhea.

69
Q

Which kidney condition has a sudden onset and can occur duringrecovery from tonsillitis or pharyngitis?

a. pyelonephritis
b. cystitis
c. kidney stones
d. acute glomerulonephritis

A

d. acute glomerulonephritis

70
Q

What condition is caused by abnormal deposits of mineral salts in the kidneys?

a. pyelonephritis
b. cystitis
c. renal calculi
d. acute glomerulonephritis

A

c. renal calculi

71
Q

What herbs are used to strengthen the lining of the bladder?

a. diuretics
b. urinary antiseptics
c. urinary tonics
d. demulcents

A

c. urinary tonics

72
Q

Which condition has the same symptoms as prostate cancer?

a. prostatitis
b. BPH
c. glomerulonephritis
d. both a and b

A

d. both a and b

73
Q

Which condition is considered a medical emergency?

a. pyelonephritis
b. acute glomerulonephritis
c. kidney stones
d. all of the above

A

d. all of the above

74
Q

What condition causes intense itching in the vagina and vulva area and is accompanied by white discharge and a yeast-like smell?

a. amenorrhea
b. candidiasis
c. PMS
d. dysmenorrhea

A

b. candidiasis

75
Q

What is helpful support option for leucorrhea?

a. repeated douches with a 1% vitamin C solution
b. massage to the lower back
c. herbs and diet to provide extra trace minerals and vitamins
d. diuretic herbs such as dandelion

A

a. repeated douches with a 1% vitamin C solution

76
Q

Which of the following is a cause of dysmenorrhea?

a. menstrual clots
b. congestion and poor circulation in the pelvic muscles
c. fluctuating levels of estrogen and progesterone
d. all of the above

A

d. all of the above

77
Q

The symptoms of which condition are similar to those of a sexually transmitted disease (ie. gonorrhea or trichomonas infections)?

a. BPH
b. pyelonephritis
c. prostatitis
d. acute glomerulonephritis

A

c. prostatitis

78
Q

What condition is a serious illness that can lead to urosepsis and death in a relatively short period of time, and in pregnancy can lead to premature labor?

a. pyelonephritis
b. cystitis
c. kidney stones
d. acute glomerulonephritis

A

a. pyelonephritis

79
Q

In what condition, is there usually pain between the scrotum and rectum, fever, and frequent urination, accompanied by a burning sensation?

a. cystitis
b. prostatitis
c. BPH
d. pyelonephritis

A

b. prostatitis

80
Q

What condition usually occurs in older men and leads to increased frequency, difficulty in emptying the bladder, and nocturia?

a. cystitis
b. prostatitis
c. BPH
d. pyelonephritis

A

c. BPH

81
Q

A helpful support option for amenorrhea is…

a. repeated douches with a 1% vitamin C solution.
b. massage to the lower back.
c. herbs and diet to provide extra trace minerals and vitamins.
d. diuretic herbs such as dandelion.

A

b. massage to the lower back.

82
Q

The definition of menopause is …

a. an estrogen deficiency disorder.
b. 12 consecutive months without a period.
c. cessation of periods following surgery to remove the uterus and/or ovaries.
d. both b and c.

A

d. both b and c.

83
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The herbal formula, Dr. Christopher’s Changease, can be used for both puberty or menopause.

A

True

NAT303 - Holistic Pathology (7 decks)

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