Module 4b Drug Availability Flashcards
What is a Lewis Acid?
What is a Lewis Base?
Lewis acid accept electrons
Lews base donate electrons
What is a Bronsted-Lowry Acid?
What is a Bronsted-Lowry Base?
Proton donor
Proton acceptor
What is a strong acid?
Examples?
Completely ionize (break apart into ions) when dissolved in water.
HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, HClO4, H2SO4
What is a weak acid?
Examples?
Partially ionized when dissolved in water.
HF, H2CO3, H3PO4, organic acids, carboxylic acids, protonated drugs
Strong Acids have _______ conjugate bases.
Weak Acids have _____________ conjugate bases.
Weak
Strong
Equilibrium favors the _____________ acid.
Weaker
What is a strong base?
Examples?
Completely ionize (break apart into ions) when dissolved in water.
LiOH, NaOH, KOH, Sr(OH)2, Ca(OH)2, Ba(OH)2
What is a weak base?
Examples?
Partially ionize when dissolved in water.
Mg(OH)2, transition metal hydroxides, NH3 (amines)
What is a term for something that can act as either an acid or a base?
Amphoteric.
Water can do this.
What does acid strength depend on?
What can be used to measure acid strength?
The ability of the group to give up a proton.
The Ka, the acid dissociation constant and pKa.
What does a large Ka tell you?
The larger the Ka, the easier it is to remove the proton. (more acidic)
What is the formula for Ka?
Concentration of products / Concentration of reactants
What is considered acidic on the pKa scale?
-25 to -20 (acidic)
What is the pKa of water?
15.6
What is considered not acidic on the pKa scale?
30 to 60 (not acidic)
Which way will equilibrium go if you add HCl to a weak acid/conjugate base?
Which way will equilibrium go if you add NaOH to a weak acid/ conjugate base?
Shift Left
Shift Right
Which way will equilibrium go if you add HCl to a weak base/conjugate acid?
Which way will equilibrium go if you add NaOH to a weak base/conjugate acid?
Shift Right
Shift Left
