Module 4.1 : Contraception Flashcards
what two hormones are contained within oral contraception
- estrogen and progesterone
what changes does oral contraception cause
- ovulation does not occur
- cervical mucus thicken so sperm cannot pass trough the cervix
- changes uterine lining as well
characteristics of the. mini pill
- progesterone only
- ovulation may occur
- cervical mucus thicken thus not allow sperm through cervix
what is the birth control patch
- contains estrogen and progestin
- hormones absorbed through the skin
- ( same changes as birth control pills)
what is the birth control injection called
- depo provera
what hormone is in the birth control injection
- progestin
characteristics fo the birth control injection
- 1 shot lasts 12 weeks - 3 months
- prevents ovulation
- thick cervical mucus
- can be used by
+ smokers
+ over 35
+ breastfeeding - may improve endometriosis
vagina contraceptive ring characteristics
- placed in the vagina for 3 weeks
- replaced every month
- hormones are absorbed into the body
- secretes estrogen and progesterone
- (other contraceptive changes)
how long after intercourse can the emergency contraceptive pill
- 5 days
how does plan b work
- one pill right away second pill 12 hours later
- contains high dosage of estrogen and progestin
- uterine lining is changes so implantation will not occur
- vaginal mucus will change as well
IUCD characteristics
- copper or plastic
- inserted by physician
- prevents implantation
- two types
two types of IUCD
- mirena
- copper IUD
mirena characteristics
- small soft t shape
- progestin
- inserted by physician
- can be left in for up to 5 years
- 99.9%
- changes uterine lining
- thickens cervical mucus
- prevent ovulation
copper t characteristics
- small soft t shape plastic coats with copper wire
- can be left in for 5 years
- very effective
- change endo so implantation doesnt occur
- vaginal mucus thickened
ultrasound of IUCD
- check position/presence
- should be fundal in uterus
sonographic appearance of IUCd
- hyperechoic echoes in endo
- comet tail artifact
- posterior shadowing
common complications with IUCD
- expulsion into abdominal cavity
- improper location
- PID
- ectopic pregnancy
- pregnancy IUCD causing complication
pregnancy with IUCD
- 40% spontaneously abort
- abort due to rupture of membranes or infection
- 1/20 are ectopic
- increased risk of preterm delivery with attempted removal of IUCD
- may see if gestation < 12 weeks
5 types of barrier contraception
- female condoms
- male condoms
- sponge with spermicide
- cervical caps
- diaphragms
surgical contraception for female
- tubal ligation \+ permanent \+ surgical procedure \+ laparoscopy - some places insert coils into the Fallopian tubes
male sterilization
- vasectomy
+ permanent
+ ligation of vas deferens
+ ejaculation without sperm
medical abortions with methotrexate
- growth inhibitor
- up to 7 weeks LMP
- injection
- pregnancy ends in day or two
- may take up to 4 weeks to terminate
induced abortions
- surgical or therapeutic
types of surgical abortions
- manual vacuum aspiration
- D&C = dilation and curettage
- D&E = dilation and evacuation
+ second trimester abortion
+ termination of lethal chromosomal anomalies
+ ultrasound to guide
