Module 4 Organic Chemistry- Basic Concepts And Hydrocarbons Flashcards
What is a hydrocarbon
Compound that only has hydrogen and carbon
What does saturated mean
Hydrocarbon that only contains of single bonds
What does unsaturated mean
Hydrocarbon that has at least one double bond between atoms
Define homologous series
A family of compounds with same general formula all members differ by CH2
Define functional group
An atom/group of atoms within a molecule which determines the chemical reactions
What is the general formula
Algebraic formula used to describe any member of a homologous series eg alkanes CnH2n+2
What is the molecular formula
Shows exact numbers of each atom in a compound
What is the empirical formula
Simplest ratio of atoms of each element
What is the displayed formula
Shows how atoms are arranged, including bonds
What is the structural formula
Shows atoms, carbon by carbon with attached H and functional groups eg CH3CHClCH2OH
What is the skeletal formula
Shows bonds of carbon skeleton only, with any functional groups. Carbon atoms at each junction and end of each bond eg F\/\/\/F
Define aromatic compounds
Contains a benzene ring (looks like a hexagon with circle inside or hexagon with three lines on side)
Define aliphatic compounds
Doesn’t contain benzene rings, straight chained or branched
Define alicyclic compounds
Aliphatic but with ring somewhere in the structure (structure looks like a ring)
Define alkyl groups
Branch attached to main chain eg /|\/
