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Integumentary (SP23, Exam2) > Module 4 MiniModule 1: Pruritic Parasites > Flashcards

Module 4 MiniModule 1: Pruritic Parasites Flashcards

1
Q

Canine Scabies:
- 2 pairs short legs anterior – long, unjointed stalks with suckers
- 2 pairs rudimentary legs posterior - do not extend beyond the border of the body

A

Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis

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2
Q

Canine Scabies:
Sarcoptic mange is fairly host specific to what species?

A

Canines, but it can also affect other species including humans (ZOONOTIC*)
- Rare in cats

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3
Q

Canine Scabies:
How contagious is sarcotic mange?

A

Highly contagious*
- transmission: direct contact with an infected animal
- fomite, fur transmission to humans, crusts or scabs

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4
Q

Canine Scabies:
(T/F) Absence of pruritis in other in-contact animals rules out scabies

A

False, it DOES NOT rule out scabies

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5
Q

Canine Scabies:

List the “clues” that may indicate you are dealing with a case of Scabies*

A
  • Intense
  • Nonseasonal pruritus
  • Rapid onset & progression
  • Minimally responsive to glucocorticoids
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6
Q

Canine Scabies:

List the Predilection sites for a case of Scabies*

A
  • Pinnal margins, lateral elbows & hocks, ventrum
  • Mites like to dwell where hair is sparse (lazy mites)
  • Dorsum usually spared
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7
Q

Canine Scabies:

What is the MOST common lesion you would see on a dog with Scabies?

A

Papules*

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8
Q

Canine Scabies:

In Scabies, what is the severity of pruritus due to?

A

Hypersensitivity

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9
Q

Canine Scabies:
(T/F) Protective immunity may develop after successful tx and cure

A

True

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10
Q

Canine Scabies: Diagnosis
What are we doing? What is a definitive dx?

A
  • Superficial skin scrape (anything with legs needs oil)
  • For a definitive dx we need to find the mite or eggs (may be difficult)
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11
Q

Canine Scabies: Diagnosis
What else can you do to confirm your diagnosis other than a scrape?

A

Pinnal-pedal Reflex

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12
Q

Canine Scabies: Treatment
(T/F) You have to treat ALL in-contact animals

A

True

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13
Q

Canine Scabies: Treatment
When do you reassess dx/tx for other causes of pruritus?

A

within 8-12 wks if no response

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14
Q

Canine Scabies: Treatment
What do you want to evaluate BEFORE starting treatment?

A

Heartworm statues of all dogs
(some treatments are also heartworm-preventative treatments)

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15
Q

Canine Scabies: Treatment
(T/F) It is okay to use dog products on cats

A

False, DO NOT use dog products in cats

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16
Q

Canine Scabies: Treatment
List some of the Treatments for Scabies

A
  • Moxidectin 2.5% & Imidacloprid 10% (don’t use on cats)
  • Sarolaner (greater than 6 months of age)
  • Selamectin
  • Fluralaner (Bravecto, > 6 months, duration 3 months)
  • Afoxolaner (NexGard)
  • Lotilaner (Credelio)
  • Ivermectin 1% (Extra-label treatment, white feet don’t treat, no spinosad)
17
Q

Canine Scabies: Treatment
List Topical dips to treat scabies

A
  • Lime sulfur (safe for very young)
18
Q

Canine Scabies:
(T/F) Usually, environmental treatment is not necessary

A

True, unless large number of animals affected for example in a kennel

19
Q

Notoedric Mange:
- Smaller than S. Scabei
- dorsally located anus vs terminal in S. scabei

A

Notoedres cati (Feline Scabies)

20
Q

Notoedric Mange: Life cycle

  • Life cycle: ____________
  • Survives of the host? (yes/no)
  • Fairly host-specific?
  • Endemic in a few areas? (yes/no)
A
  • 17-21 days
  • Yes, survives off host for a few days
  • Fairly host specific – Feline (ZOONOTIC)
  • Yes, endemic in a few areas
21
Q

Notoedric Mange: Pruritus
List the “clues” that may indicate you are dealing with a case of Feline Scabies

A
  • Intense, nonseasonal pruritus
  • Location
    - initially ear pinnae, head, scruff of the neck
    - Lesions spread rapidly to other locations -> back, perineum, feet
    - consistent with grooming behavior
22
Q

Notoedric mange: Lesion
What is a unique clinical feature of the Feline Scabies mite?

A

Cat develops thick crusts (notoedric “helmet”)

23
Q

Notoedric mange:
(T/F) No FDA approved veterinary product specifically licensed for the treatment of feline scabies

A

True

24
Q

Notoedric mange: Treatment
What is the treatment for Feline Scabies?

A

Topicals (shampoo and dips)
- Not cat friendly
Dips -> Lime sulfur, safest dip for young

25
Q

Notoedric mange:
List the Systemic Treatments

A

Everything is Extra-label use in cats
- Selamectin (> 8 wks of age)
- 10% imidacloprid + 1.0% moxidectin
- Bravecto cats >6 months, good for 3 months
- Credelio Cat >8 weeks
- Revolution PLUS >8 weeks

26
Q

What are a few characteristics you can find on Cheyletiellosis mites?

A
  • accessory mouth parts
  • saddle-shaped (a little waist)
27
Q

Walking Dandruff
- Surface dwelling mite, non-burrowing
- Large (500 um x 350 um), saddle-shaped
- prominent hook-like accessory mouth parts (palpi)
- all 4 pairs of legs extend beyond body, bear terminal combs, not claws

A

Cheyletiellosis (Cheyletiella yasguri, C. blakei, C. parasitovorax)

28
Q

Is Cheyletiellosis host-specific?

A

Not host specific, may travel freely to various host species, including humans (ZOONOTIC)

29
Q

How contagious is Cheyletiellosis?

A

Highly contagious
- especially between young animals
- transmission by direct contact
- indirect via fomites may be as important (egg attach to hair)

30
Q

What is the life cycle of Cheyletiellosis?

A

21-42 days
- spent on host

31
Q

What is the Pruritus level in patients with Cheyletiellosis?

A

Variable pruritus: absent to intense

32
Q

Cheyletiellosis: Treatment
(T/F) Treating all in-contact animals is good enough

A

False, treat all in-contact animals and PREMISES (a female can live off the host for 10 days)

33
Q

What is a unique clinical sign seen in dogs with sarcoptic mange?

A

Pinnal pedal reflex

34
Q

(T/F) Ivermectin when combined with spinosad is the best approach for sarcoptic mange treatment

A

False, this combination can kill the patient

35
Q

What is a canine topical product with 10% moxidectin, that should not be used in cats as their companion product only has 1% moxidectin?

A

Advantage multi

36
Q

A patient with a pruritic ventral papular dermatitis and heavy thick adherent crusts on the right pinnal margin, would earn the top differential of __________________

A

Sarcoptic Mange

37
Q

The presence of moderate to severe scaling on the dorsum of cats and dogs that may or may not be pruritic is a clinical sign associated with ___________________

A

Cheyletiellosis

Integumentary (SP23, Exam2) (5 decks)

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