Module 4 : Electricity and Magnetism Flashcards
what is charge
the property of particles
what types of charges are there (3)
positive
negative
neutral
characteristics of charged particles (2)
They have a electric field around them
When charge particles enter another electrical field it will experience an electrical force (Coulomb force)
what is the unit of charge
Coulomb (C)
what is an electrical conductor
a material through which electrical current flows easily
what is an electrical insulator
a material with very high resistance to the flow of electrical current
what is static electricity
imbalance of electric charges within or on the surface of a material
when does an electric current occurs
when a electric charges are moving from one place to another
how can materials become electrically charged (3)
friction
induction
contact with another charged object
what happens when two objects of the same charge interact
they repel
what happens when two objects of different charges interact
they attract
what are the rules with electric fields (5)
Electric fields exists around charged particles
Where the lines are closest the field is strongest
Field lines never cross
Lines are directed, positive to negative
Field lines are perpendicular to the surface of the charged object
what is electric field strength
the force per unit charge on a small positive test charge positioned in the field
what unit is electric field strength measured in
NC⁻¹
what is the equation for electrical field strength
E = F/q
what is the symbol of electric field strength
E
what is the symbol of charge
q
what is the symbol of force
F
what the equation for electric field strength between charged plates
E = V/d
what is the symbol of electric potential
V
what is the symbol of plate separation
d
what is the equation for electric force on a charged particle
F = Eq
what are the equation for coulombs law (2)
F= Kq₁q₂/r² F = 1/4πε₀ x q₁q₂/r²
what does coulombs law measure
the force between charged particles
what does K equal
K = 1/4πε₀
what is ε₀
electric permittivity constant
what is required to move a charged particle
Work
what happens when charge particle moves
electric potential energy will change
what is the symbol for work
W
what is the equation for work (2)
W = qV W = qEd
what is v symbolise
Electrical Potential difference
what happens when charge particles move against the field
electric potential energy will increase
