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OCR PHYSICS A > MODULE 4: ELECRICITY > Flashcards

MODULE 4: ELECRICITY Flashcards

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1
Q

Ampere equation

A

I = Q/t

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2
Q

What is a conducting liquid called

A

Electrolyte

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3
Q

What is a coloumb

A

Electric charge

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4
Q

What is the charge of an electron, and it’s quantised version

A

1.6 x 10e-19 , +1e

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5
Q

What is conventional current

A

When current flows from positive negative, the holes left by the moving electrons

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6
Q

Kirchhoffs 1st law

A

Current going into a junction is the same as the current out

CONSERVATION OF CHARGE

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7
Q

What is mean drift velocity

A

Average velocity of electrons along the length of the wire, direction of force

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8
Q

What is number density

A

Number of charge carriers per unit volume of material

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9
Q

Number density equation

A

I=Anev

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10
Q

What are semiconductors

A

Metal conductors which have a less number density than normal metal conductors

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11
Q

Battery symbol

A

Two cells line and thicker one for negative

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12
Q

diode symbol

A

triangle and line on right

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13
Q

Thermistor symbol

A

Resistor with flat and diagonal line through

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14
Q

Variable resistor symbol

A

Resistor with arrow through

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15
Q

Resistor symbol

A

Rectangle

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16
Q

Fuse symbol

A

Rectangle with line through it

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17
Q

LDR symbol

A

Small resistor with two arrows points from top left

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18
Q

Filament lamp symbol

A

Circle with x

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19
Q

Led symbol

A

Diode with two arrows going out to top right

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20
Q

What is potential difference

A

Energy transferred from electrical components to other forms like heat etc, per unit charge

21
Q

What is electromotive force

A

Energy transferred from the battery/cell to the electrical components

22
Q

Voltage equation with energy

A

V = WORK DONE / COULOMB

23
Q

What is an electron gun

A

Device to accelerate electrons to high speeds

24
Q

What is inside a electron gun

A

A filament and anode which have a potential difference.

Electrons are fired through and get speed from the pd, then go through a VACUUM inside a glass tube

25
Q

Electron energy formula in electron gun

A

Ve = 1/2 mv^2

Because v=energy/coulomb, Ve = energy

26
Q

Resistance equation

A

R = V / I

27
Q

What is ohmic conductor and what’s ohms law

A

Resistance is constant

For metallic conductor at CONSTANT temp, current in write is directly proportional to the potential difference across it

28
Q

IV graph equation for resistor

A

Y=X

29
Q

IV graph shape for filament lamp

A

Straight line with curves going to line parallel to x axis at each top and bottom y
‘_/‘ to midpoint then ‘/-‘ where dashes are curved, ie not straight appears only in middle of graph

30
Q

Diode IV shape

A

Flat until a voltage threshold where is rapid increase.

31
Q

What is diode bias

A

Which way the current goes through

32
Q

What is resistivity and equation

A

Material property of how well it conducts, lower meaning better (let’s more current).
R= pL/A

33
Q

How does temperature affect metals

A

Higher resistance hit each other more making less current

34
Q

How does temperature effect semiconductors

A

lower resistance because more charge carriers

35
Q

What is a thermistor

A

Resistor that depends on temperature

36
Q

What other type of thermistor and what does it do

A

NTC thermistor

Negative temperature coefficient

37
Q

what does NTC thermistor do

A

Resistance decrease as temperature increases

38
Q

What is LDR and its properties

A

Light dependent resistor,

Resistance decrease with more incident light

39
Q

What is electrical power and equation

A

P=IV

Rate of electrical energy transfer

40
Q

What is the kilowatt hour

A

Energy transferred by device with a power of 1000watts in one hour
kWh = kW * hours

41
Q

Resistance in series vs parallel

A

Series sum, parallel inverse sum

42
Q

Work done equation in terms of potential difference

A

W=V * Q

43
Q

Kirchhoff second law

A

In a closed loop

Sum of electromotive forces equals sum of potential differences

44
Q

What is terminal pd

A

Pd across terminals of cell (ie whole circuit)

45
Q

What are lost volts

A

Voltage around internal resistance

46
Q

Electromotive force equation

A

E = IR + Ir = I(R + r)

47
Q

What is a potential divider circuit

A

a simple circuit which takes advantage of the way voltages drop across resistors in series
output pd is taken across a component (which is some of resistor)

48
Q

Potential divider circuit equation

A

Vout = (Vin * R2)/(R1+R2)

49
Q

What is number density and unit

A

Number of electrons per volume

m^-3

OCR PHYSICS A (5 decks)

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