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Geography > Module 4- Development indiacators > Flashcards

Module 4- Development indiacators Flashcards

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1
Q

GDP-ECO

A

Total amount of foods and services

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2
Q

Poverty Line-ECO

A

minimum level of a satisfying income in a given country. It is hight in HIC’s and lower in LIC’s.

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3
Q

Debt: GPP Ratio-ECO

A

The amount of money that is spent paying off debts owed to other countries in a % of a county’s GDP.

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4
Q

Literacy Rate -SOC

A

% who can read/write a simple sentance

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5
Q

Dependency Ratio-SOC

A

Less than 15 and older than 65 divided by 16 - 64.

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6
Q

Infant Mortality-SOC

A

The number of children per 1000 live births who die before their first birthday

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7
Q

Maternal Mortality-SOC

A

Number of mothers id 1000 births who die whilst pregnant or through child birth.

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8
Q

Life Expectancy-SOC

A

The average number of years a person can expect to live

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9
Q

Undernourished/Being Underfed-SOC

A

Not getting enough food or not the correct nutrients

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10
Q

Quality of Healthcare-SOC

A

The number of doctors per 1000 people

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11
Q

Birth Care-SOC

A

The number of births per 1000 people

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12
Q

Death Rate-SOC

A

The number of deaths per 1000 people.

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13
Q

Fertility Rate-SOC

A

The average number of deaths per woman

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14
Q

Access to Safe Drinking Water

A

% of access to clean water

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15
Q

Political Freedom

A

Measures political rights and civil liberties, including the freedom of elections, the number of people voting, freedom of speech etc.

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16
Q

PPP

A

Purchasing, power parity

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17
Q

Birth Rate-good

A

Good, as a country develops, women are more likely to be educated, marry better and have fewer children

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18
Q

Death Rate-bad

A

Bad, as developed countries tend to have older populations, so death rate are high. LIC’s have younger population.

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19
Q

Infant Mortality- Very Good

A

Good, as it is a measure of a country’s heath care system.

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20
Q

Doctors per 1000- good

A

Good, shows us how wealthy a country is to invest in medical training.

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21
Q

Literacy Rate- Good

A

Good, shows us level of investment in education

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22
Q

Access to clean water- good

A

Good, shows us level of investment in infrastructure, dams, reservoirs, treatment plants… wells etc.

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23
Q

Problem with Indicators

A
  • single indicators can give false impression on a countries average
  • data can be out of date, hard to count, not count informal sectors
  • corruption
  • quality of life is not equal to standard of living
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24
Q

informal sector

A

sector which doesn’t pay tax

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25
Q

GNI

A

gross national income

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26
Q

What is GNI?

A

Measurement of economic activity, total value of goods and services produced by a country

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27
Q

How is GNI calculated?

A

dividing the gross(total) nationals income by the size of population

28
Q

HDI

A

human development index

29
Q

What is HDI?

A

Shows how far development helps the people

30
Q

How is HDI calculated?

A
  • life expectancy
  • number of years of education
  • GNI per capita
31
Q

MINT

A

Malasia, Indonesia, Nigeria, Turkey

32
Q

NEE

A

Newly Emerging Economies

33
Q

BRIC

A

Brazil, Russia, India, China

34
Q

Stage 1

A

high stationary

35
Q

Stage 1-DR/BR- what does this mean/ examples

A

high+fluctuating- population is stable- Malaysia+Indonesia

36
Q

Stage 2

A

early expanding

37
Q

Stage 2-DR

A

decreases

38
Q

Stage 2-BR-what does this mean/ examples

A

high- population grows rapidly- Afghanistan

39
Q

Stage 3

A

late expanding

40
Q

Stage 3-DR/BR-what does this mean/ examples

A

decreases rapidly- population is growing, but slows down at the end of this stage-Nigeria

41
Q

Stage 4

A

low stationary

42
Q

Stage 4-DR/BR-what does this mean/ examples

A

low- stable population-USA

43
Q

Stage 5

A

declining

44
Q

Stage 5-DR

A

increases slightly because of ageing population

45
Q

Stage 5- BR-what does this mean/ examples

A

low- decrease in population-Germany

46
Q

Stages- why?

A
  • Urbanisation
  • Changes to farming methods
  • Education and Women
47
Q

Stage 1- examples-Indonesia Brazil Malaysia

A
  • small groups of people,

- high birth and death rates

48
Q

Stage 2- examples-Afghanistan

A
  • poorest and least developed country,
  • birth rate- 39 per 1000 death rate- 14 per 1000,
  • 80% farmers-need help
49
Q

Stage 3-examples- Nigeria

A
  • NEE
  • death rate is smaller than birth rate
  • population is growing
  • death rate-13 per 1000 birth rate- 38 per 1000
50
Q

Stage 4- examples- USA

A
  • most developed
  • death rate- 8 per 1000 birth rate- 13 per 1000
  • population growing due to immigration
51
Q

Stage 5- examples- Germany

A
  • population decline
  • birth rate- 2.2 per 1000- lowest
  • death rate- 11.2 per 1000-still rising
52
Q

NI

A

natural increase- br - dr

53
Q

Stage 1 + 2 reason for change in br

A

many children needed for farming, many children die at early age, no family planning

54
Q

Stage 1 reason for change in dr

A

disease, children die early on

55
Q

Stage 2 + 3 reason for change in dr

A

improvements in medical care, water supply, fewer children die

56
Q

Stage 3 reason for change in br

A

improved medical and diet, fewer children needed

57
Q

Stage 4 + 5 reason for change in br

A

family planning, good health, later marriages

58
Q

Stage 4 + 5 reason for change in dr

A

good health care, reliable food supply

59
Q

Causes of uneven development-physical

A

LANDLOCK

  • Africa
  • no access to water around
  • cut off from trade
60
Q

Causes of uneven development-physical

A

CLIMATE

  • climate related diseases
  • population gets affected
  • tropical africa, asia
61
Q

Causes of uneven development-physical

A

EXTREME WEATHER

  • cyclones, floods, droughts
  • slow development and it can be costly to repair
62
Q

Causes of uneven development-physical

A

LACK OF SAFE WATER

-barrier to economic development

63
Q

Causes of uneven development-economic

A

POVERTY

  • poverty causes poverty
  • low life expectancy
  • frequent illness
  • lack of nutritious diet
64
Q

Causes of uneven development-economic

A

TRADE

  • North America + Europe dominate world trade
  • Rich countries
65
Q

Causes of uneven development-economic

A

POWER

  • LIC’s less pay than MIC’s
  • value goes to richer countries
  • rich countries–more
  • poor countries–less
66
Q

Causes of uneven development-economic

A

DEBT

  • LIC’s export primary products like minerals
  • Manufacture is 80% of exports-LIC’s do this
  • Countries export more than import-others have debt defects— this is known as debt trap
67
Q

Causes of uneven development-historical

A

COLONIALISM

  • 1400, European explorers seek wealth
  • 1650 -1900 10 million ppl went from Africa to America to work as slaves
  • wealth went to European powers
  • end of 1800, Africa + South America + Asia divided up between European powers
  • UK, Germany, Spain had powerful colonies
  • since 1950 these colonies gained independence
  • this was hard because of the government was corrupt
  • this held back development

Geography (3 decks)

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