Module 4 Changes Flashcards
Melanocyte stimulating hormone
secreted from Anterior pituitary
Major actions
1) > during pregnancy
2) produces hyperpigmentation
Estrogen
Secreted from: ovaries-early then placenta
1) > uterine growth
2) > support of breast development
3) > uterine blood flow
4) rejects further follicular development once pregnant
5) relaxes pelvic ligaments
Progesterone
Secreted from: corpus luteum early on them placenta
1) relaxes smooth muscle- < gastric motility & relaxes blood vessel walls (< systemic resistance)
2) supports and maintains uterine lining for implantation and the developing embryo
3) < prostaglandin production
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotropin)
Secreted from: Trophoblast( developing placenta)
1) prevents involution of corpus luteum, which maintains production of progesterone and some estrogen until the placenta is formed
2) levels peak at 9-10 weeks gestation, as pregnancy progresses hCG
Relaxin
Secreted from: primarily corpus luteum and small amounts in the placenta
1) < uterine contractility
2) relaxes connective tissue
hPL (human Placental Lactogen)
Secreted from: placenta
1) makes glucose available for developing fetus, promotes a relative insulin resistance later in pregnancy
2) both growth promoting and lacrogenic (milk producing)
Prolactin
Secreted from: Anterior Pituitary
1) Promotes development of the breasts and supports lactation
2) After birth, prolactin stimulates milk production- location is suppressed by estrogen
Oxytocin
Secreted from: Posterior Pituitary
1) Stimulates uterine contractions
2) Stimulates the milk ejection reflex
Aldosterone
Secreted from: Adrenals
1) > during pregnancy to conserve sodium and maintain fluid balance
Cortisol
Secreted from: Adrenals
1) > during pregnancy, is active in metabolism of glucose and fats
2) may be helpful in preventing rejection of pregnancy bc if it’s anti-inflammatory effect
Thyroxine
Secreted from: Thyroid
1) > during pregnancy to stimulate basal metabolic rate
FSH
Secreted from: Anterior Pituitary
1) initiates maturation of ovum, necessary for conception, is suppressed during pregnancy
LH
Secreted from: Anterior Pituitary
1) Stimulates ovulation of the mature ovum in the no pregnant state
Prostaglandins
Secreted from: Cell membranes
1) Stimulates smooth muscle contractility, with oxytocin influences onset of labor, may be abnormally high in preterm labor, used to promote cervical ripening
