Module 4 and 5 Flashcards
UNCONSCIOUS
is the key to understanding our personalit
Personality
is represented in symbols
ID
unconscious
drives and instincts
“pleasure principle”
superego
“moral principle”
Perfection > pleasure
decides right or wrong
Ego
mediator
reality principle
Ego
executive branch ofthe psyche
ego
hunger and suicidal thoughts
ego
unconscious forgetting
Repression
ego replaces less acceptable motive or impulse with a more acceptable one
Rationalization
our-graping and sweet-lemonizing
Rationalization
expressing the opposite reaction
Reaction Formation
attributing negative thoughts or feelings about the self to the outside world
Projection
: ego refuses to acknowledge anxiety-provoking situations
Denial
: negative feelings or thoughts are displaced or directed to a safer target
Displacement
: seeking the security of an earlier developmental stage
Regression
using reasoning to block emotional distress
Intellectualization
diverting an unacceptable impulse to a socially desirable one
Sublimation
the satisfaction of the sexual urges at a specific developmental stage drives the acquisition of psychological characteristics
Psychosexual stages of development
Mouth = pleasure
______ moths
Oral Stage
1st to 18 months
satisfaction of oral activities (sucking, eating)
Oral Stage
_______,____________,___ become prototype of later characteristic traits
biting, chewing, and swallowing
ANAL STAGE
discharge eases discomfort and provides relief
1st
decisive experience of external regulation
ANAL STAGE
strict toilet training
strict toilet training
praising toilet training
- > RETENTIVE
- > EXPULSIVE
- > CREATIVITY
sexual and aggressive feelings are associated to the functioning of the genital organs
: Genitals are the source of pleasure
PHALLIC STAGE
are the source of pleasure
: Genitals
among boys; natural love for the mother becomes sexual
: OEDIPUS COMPLEX
e fear of having his penis cut by the father
CASTRATION ANXIETY
natural love for the father becomes sexual
: ELEKTRA COMPLEX
r questioning and blaming the mother for having her penis ‘cut’
PENIS ENVY
– imitating the parent of same sex to vicariously possess the parent of the opposite sex
: IDENTIFICATION
: the sexual drive lies dormant
LATENCY STAGE
energy is once again focused on the genitals
GENITAL STAGE
heterosexual relationships
GENITAL STAGE
the less energy the child has left for unresolved sexual conflicts, the greater capacity he has to develop
relationships with the opposite sex.
GENITAL STAGE
ANALYTIC THEORY by
Carl Jung
Our personality is made up of:
Experiences in our Conscious Mind
Experiences in our Unconscious Mind
Inherited Tendencies
EXPERIENCES in our CONSCIOUS MIND?
he things that we are aware of. Here and now.
Example:
sitting down. listening. daydreaming. What did you eat this morning?
EXPERIENCES in our UNCONSCIOUS MIND?
Experiences that we may have forgotten. Experiences that we are not fully aware of right now but may be remembered.
Childhood memories. Unpleasant experiences that you may have forgotten.
COMPLEXES
- Organized group or constellations of feelings, thoughts and perceptions
I feel good when I win + I am smart and talented + Other people tell me that “Winning is
everything.”
STAR COMPLEX
INHERITED TENDENCIES
- similar to all individuals.
- may have inherited from our ancestors
- Images; our inherited tendencies
ARCHETYPES
PERSONA:
“mask”; different social identities
the “male” in every female
ANIMUS:
: the “female” in every male
ANIMA
our “dark side”; traits/dispositions that we do not like about ourselves
SHADOW:
INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGY
by Alfred Adler
Focuses on the uniqueness of one’s personality
Focuses on the uniqueness of one’s personality
– shapes one’s personality
STRIVING FOR SUPERIORITY
m a sense of incompleteness or imperfection
Feelings of Inferiority
personalities of children in the family differ because of their distinctive experiences
BIRTH ORDER –
- FIRST BORN
- MIDDLE CHILD – trying to surpass the older and the younger siblings
- YOUNGEST – the most nurtured
- – center of attention then dethroned
- – trying to surpass the older and the younger siblings
- – the most nurtured
4 D’s of psychological disorders:
- Deviance
- Distress
- Dysfunction
- Danger
S
Biomedical approach
Mental illness is viewed as ______________
It does not explain why people with ____________________
a disease of the brain.
- the same illness exhibit different symptoms
disorders arise from unconscious, intrapsychic conflicts
id vs. superego = confused ego
Psychodynamic approach
Cognitive-behavioral approach
_____________________about oneself and the world, and other cognitive processes are the key to
psychological disorders.
Observational learning, expectations, and beliefs
a reflection of one’s_____________________.
Experience of _________between actual self and ideal self.
Lack of ___________________.
- inability to fulfill one’s potential
- incongruence
- positive regard
emphasis on the larger social contexts in which a person lives – including the individual’s ___________________
marriage or
family, neighborhood, socioeconomic status, ethnicity, gender, or culture-
COPING < STRESS
Diathesis-stress model
PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT
- Interviews
- _________ Observations
- __________ Testing
a. Intellectual Functioning
b. Personality Tests
- Interviews
- Behavioral Observations
- Psychological Testing
a. Intellectual Functioning
b. Personality Tests
Childhood/adolescent disorders
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity DO -
Autism -
Learning disorders -
Communication disorders – Difficulty in expressive and receptive communication
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity DO -
Inattentiveness, hyperactivity, impulsivity
Impaired cognitive abilities, communication, and social skills
Autism
Difficulties in learning specific cognitive skills
Learning disorder e.g., Dyslexia, Math Disorder)
Communication disorders
– Difficulty in expressive and receptive communication
Problems in consciousness and cognition
Delirium,dementia,other cognitive disorders
Dementia of the Alzheimer’s type - ________________
o Agnosia
o Aphasia
o Ataxia
- “Forgetfulness”
- (loss of ability to recognize familiar objects, people, etc.)
- (inability to verbally express oneself)
- (problems with coordination)
Experience of depression and episodes of Mania (exaggerated happiness or anger)
Bipolar Disorder -
- Extreme depression for weeks, months, even years
Major Depressive DO
Sudden loss of memory or identity change
Dissociative disorders
Dissociative identity disorder
- Occurrence of 2 or more personalities within the same individual
I
Impulse Control Disorders
Impulse Control Disorders
Inability to control violent impulses resulting to serious damage to persons or
• Intermittent Explosive Disorder
- Repeatedly gives in to impulses to steal for no great gain
Kleptomania -
Pyromania -
Uncontrollable impulse to repeatedly set fires with no motive
Pathological Gambling
Uncontrollable impulse to gamble
Characterized by the persistent presence of tics, which are abrupt, repetitive involuntary movements and sounds
Tic Disorders
• Tourette’s Syndrome
What
s this?
Presence of psychosis (________________________; Odd behaviors _______________________;
Incoherent, derailed, or disorganized speech
SCHIZOPHRENIA
-hallucinations and/or delusions)
- (disorganized or catatonic)
-
Anxiety disorders
Motor tension, hyperactivity, apprehensive thoughts
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Excessive worrying about everything
Phobia
Irrational fear
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Severe anxiety that can be developed after an exposure to a traumatic event; reliving the
event
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Preoccupation of an irrational thought (obsession) and a strong urge to act on it
(compulsion)
