Module 4 Flashcards
Part 150 contains the basic requirements and procedures for approval of noise surrounding an airport as described in what model?
Integrated Noise Model (INM)
What are the uses of the Noise Exposure Map (NEM) (2 items)
Clearly identify present and future
1) Noise patterns
2) Land Uses which are not compatible with the noise impacts
Which deliverable is the standard reference for anyone proposing noise-sensitive development in the vicinity of an airport?
Noise Exposure Map (NEM)
Aviation Safety and Noise Abatement Act of 1979 (ASNA) prohibits the use of _____ as evidence in lawsuits seeking damages from noise that the FAA has accepted since the development of the ______ (same word)
Noise Exposure Map (NEM)
Noise Exposure Models are required to show unabated noise exposure in terms of the yearly what?
Day-Night Sound Level (DNL)
What years is the Noise Exposure Model (NEM) supposed to show unabated noise exposure in terms of yearly Day-Night Sound Level (DNL)
The Current Year and the 5th year following submission of the document
The Noise Exposure Map (NEM) must show which items?
4 items
1) Noise sensitive or incompatible land use
2) a discussion of forecasted aviation activity
3) Present underlying assumptions upon which the noise contours are based
4) An analysis of ambient noise
What is considered Noise Exposure Map (NEM) ambient noise? (2 items)
1) Noise generated by sources other than aviation
2) Background community noise
According to Part 150 what is true regarding incompatible land affected by high levels of ambient noise?
Incompatible land affected by high levels of ambient noise do not have the same adverse standing as those affected by aircraft noise alone
Who is the Noise Exposure Model (NEM) document submitted to for review and approval?
FAA
Under what law does the approval of a Noise Exposure Map (NEM) limit the ability of residents near an airport to recover damages from noise exposure?
Aviation Safety and Noise Abatement Act of 1979
According to the Aviation Safety and Noise Abatement Act of 1979 (ASNA), if a resident moves in to their home after a Noise Exposure Map (NEM) has been created it constitutes _____________ of the existence of that NEM
Constructive Knowledge
A person who acquires interest in a property within the 65 DNL contour after the approval of a Noise Exposure Map (NEM) cannot recover damages unless he can show __________ has occurred since the map was prepared?
A significant change
A significant change can be the result of one of 4 things
Change in the
1) Type and frequency of airport operations
2) Airport Layout
3) Flight Patterns
4) Nighttime operations
Is 62 dB to 64 dB considered a significant change?
No, below the 65 DNL contour
Is 55-64 dB considered a significant change?
No, below the 65 DNL contour
Is 66 to 67 dB considered a significant change?
No less than the 1.5 dB threshold for significant change
Is 64 to 65.5 dB considered a significant change?
Yes. The new level is above 65 and it was a 1.5 dB change
According to the Aviation Safety and Noise Abatement Act of 1979 (ASNA) a local newspaper has published a Noise Exposure Map (NEM) 2 times. Is that constructive knowledge?
No. Must be published 3 times in a local newspaper or furnished to the property purchaser at time of purchase
According to the Aviation Safety and Noise Abatement Act of 1979 (ASNA) O’Hare airport is making a change and the LA times has published a Noise Exposure Map (NEM) 3 times. Is that constructive knowledge?
No. Must be published 3 times in a local newspaper or furnished to the property purchaser at time of purchase
According to the Aviation Safety and Noise Abatement Act of 1979 (ASNA) O’Hare airport is making a change and the Chicago Tribune has published a Noise Exposure Map (NEM) 3 times. Is that constructive knowledge?
Yes. Must be published 3 times in a local newspaper or furnished to the property purchaser at time of purchase
According to the Aviation Safety and Noise Abatement Act of 1979 (ASNA) O’Hare airport is making a change and no newspaper record of a Noise Exposure Map (NEM) exists, but the property purchaser was furnished a copy at the time of property acquisition. Is that constructive knowledge?
Yes. Must be published 3 times in a local newspaper or furnished to the property purchaser at time of purchase
According to the Aviation Safety and Noise Abatement Act of 1979 (ASNA) O’Hare airport is making a change and the Chicago Tribune has published a Noise Exposure Map (NEM) 3 times, but the homeowner never saw it. Is that constructive knowledge?
Yes. Must be published 3 times in a local newspaper or furnished to the property purchaser at time of purchase. This is regardless of the homeowners seeing it
What program subsidizes air service to 141 communities in the US?
Essential Air Service (EAS)
What program provides grants to help small communities achieve sustainable air service?
Small Community Air Service Development Program (SCASDP)
Congress originally sought to ensure air service to small communities throughout the US with what law?
Federal Aviation Act of 1958
Congress added section 419 regarding minimum level of service required for each Essential Air Service community to what bill?
Air Deregulation Act of 1978
Section 419 of the Air Deregulation Act of 1978 allows the FAA to determine _______ for each community eligible for Essential Air Service (EAS)
The minimum level of service
The minimum level of service for Essential Air Service (EAS) is determined by what factors? (5 answers)
- Specifying what hub a community is linked through
- Minimum number of round trips
- # of available seats that must be provided to the hub
- Certain characteristics of the airplane to be used
- Max permissible # of intermediate stops
What does Essential Air Service (EAS) offer to air carriers when providing service to communities that would not otherwise receive it?
Compensation
What organization determines the minimum level of service required at each community eligible for Essential Air Service (EAS)
FAA
What law expanded the Essential Air Service (EAS) program creating both Basic and Enhance EAS?
Airport and Airway Safety and Capacity Expansion Act of 1987
Define Enhanced Essential Air Service (EAS)
Provides higher level of service if communities agree to subsidy-sharing or risk loss of basic service if the government funded enhanced service failed to meet agreed upon levels of passenger use
What is considered acceptable levels of Essential Air Service (EAS)
- Reasonably scheduled round trips
- 6 days a week
- Minimum 15 passenger twin engine plane
If Decatur airport (Non Hub) has a flight to Quincy Airport (Non Hub) that is reasonably schedule round trips 6 days a week on a minimum 15 passenger twin engine plane, does that constitute Essential Air Service (EAS) for Decatur?
No. The # of available seats must be calculated from the EAS airport to a hub.
The Essential Air Service (EAS) designation exists for what airports?
Airports that received air carrier service prior to the start of deregulation
Pickneyville airport started service in 1982 in a small town, is it eligible to be an Essential Air Service (EAS) airport?
No. It didn’t start air carrier service before the Air Deregulation Act of 1978
The Essential Air Service (EAS) program puts what restrictions on air carriers? 3 answers
Can't: 1. Terminate 2. Suspend 3. Reduce Air service to a community designated an EAS service point
FAR Part 323 requires air carriers to serve notice to ________ and ______ if they intend to terminate, suspend, or reduce Essential Air Service (EAS).
- Department of Transportation
2. The community the airport is in
United Airlines has served notice to the community of Yazoo City an Essential Air Service (EAS) airport community and the Department of Transportation that they intend to suspend service, what is the next course of action from both Yazoo City and the DOT. (2 things)
- Yazoo City may file a letter of objection
2. DOT can prohibit an air carrier from leaving until a replacement is found
What are the two levels of Essential Air Service (EAS)
- Basic
2. Enhanced
What size airport does Basic Essential Air Service (EAS) constitute?
- Service to a medium or large hub
How many seats must an aircraft have to fulfill Basic Essential Air Service (EAS)
15 passenger seats
How many intermediate stops are allowed to get from an Essential Air Service (EAS) airport to a medium or large hub airport?
1 Intermediate Stop
Muscle Shoals an Essential Air Service (EAS) city has service to Huntsville Alabama (small hub) twice a day in an airplane with 15 seats and 11 enplanements. Is this considered eligible for EAS?
No. Basic EAS constitutes service to a medium or large-hub airport, with no more than one intermediate stop, in an aircraft having at least 15 passenger seats, and averaging more than 11 passenger enplanements a day with pressurized aircraft and at reasonable times.
Sault Ste Marie, an Essential Air Service (EAS) city has service to Detroit airport (Large hub) twice a day in an airplane with with 8 passenger enplanements. Is this considered eligible for EAS?
No. Basic EAS constitutes service to a medium or large-hub airport, with no more than one intermediate stop, in an aircraft having at least 15 passenger seats, and averaging more than 11 passenger enplanements a day with pressurized aircraft and at reasonable times.
To get Enhanced Essential Air Service (EAS) a community must meet 4 criteria, what are they?
- Received Air Carrier Service prior to 1978
- It is more than 50 miles from a small hub airport
- It is more than 150 miles from the nearest hub airport
- State/Local govt contributes 25% of the cost
What is the definition of Enhanced Essential Air Service (EAS)?
Enhanced EAS is scheduled air transportation of a quality and need greater than basic service.
Escanaba, an Essential Air Service (EAS) city is 40 miles from Grand Rapids Airport a small hub airport and 120 miles from Detroit Airport a Large hub airport. Is Escanaba eligible for Enhanced Essential Air Service?
No.
- Received Air Carrier Service prior to 1978
- It is more than 50 miles from a small hub airport
- It is more than 150 miles from the nearest hub airport
- State/Local govt contributes 25% of the cost
Muskegon, an Essential Air Service (EAS) city is 60 miles from Grand Rapids Airport a small hub airport and 140 miles from Detroit Airport a Large hub airport. Is Muskegon eligible for Enhanced Essential Air Service?
No.
- Received Air Carrier Service prior to 1978
- It is more than 50 miles from a small hub airport
- It is more than 150 miles from the nearest hub airport
- State/Local govt contributes 25% of the cost
Smaller communities may not have passenger demand for air carrier service for what 3 reasons?
- Population
- employment
- Income Levels
Why might there be enough demand for smaller communities to receive air carrier service?
Lack of viable travel alternatives
For every $5,000 in per capita income a community received X times more jet and Y times more turboprop departures per week
Jet: 3.3x
Turboprop: 12.7x
For every additional 25,000 jobs in a community and communities with over $250,000 in manufacturing earnings, the airport received an average of nearly X more jet departures per week
5 additional jet departures per week
What constitutes the challenges for small community air service development? (2 items)
- Runway characteristics (length/strength)
2. Proximity to legacy carrier hubs
What law provides the basis for a great majority of noise abatement planning at airports?
Airport Safety and Noise Abatement Act of 1979 (ASNA)
FAR Part 150 Airport Land Use Compatibility Planning was created due to what law?
Airport Safety and Noise Abatement Act of 1979 (ASNA)
Part 150 regulations govern the development and review of an integrated plan to achieve noise control objectives by encouraging compatible land uses in and around airports through the development of what two things?
- Noise Exposure Map
2. Noise Compatibility Planning
What did the passage of the Airport Safety and Noise Abatement Act of 1979 (ASNA) direct the FAA to do?
Develop and establish procedures for noise and land compatibility planning
The design of the Part 150 regulation and planning process are due to two programs previously established
- Airport Noise Control and Land Use Compatibility (ANCLUC)
2. Department of Defense Airport Installation Compatibility Use Zones (AICUZ)
What five objectives must any noise compatibility measure meet
- Achieve the goal of reducing non-compatible land
- Not derogate safety or efficiency
- Not unjustly discriminate
- Not create undue burden on interstate commerce
- Not adversely affect other responsibilities of the FAA
What is the most effective control measure for reducing noise impact is ______
Land Acquisition
What allows the airport the legal right to allow aircraft to make noise over their property?
Avigation Easement
What are the options for mitigating noise under Part 150? (10)
- Land Acquisition
- Sounproofing
- New landing/takeoff procedures
- Implementing preferential runway system
- Noise Barriers
- Engine Run Up provisions
- Off airport land use control
- Noise Monitoring systems
- Installation of specific Navaids
- Airport use restrictions
What are the 5 Airport use restrictions associated with mitigating noise under Part 150
- Denial of the use of aircraft that don’t meet noise standards
- Capacity Limitations (noise budget)
- Noise abatement takeoff or approach procedures
- Curfew
- Time of day differential landing fees
If federal funds are being used for land acquisition in noise mitigation, the airport operator is governed by the procedures in what FAR Part?
Part 24 Uniform Relocation and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act
In addition to fair market value, what does Part 24 promise those residents being relocated due to eminent domain?
Relocation benefits
What are voluntary land acquisition programs known as when residents want to move to relocated outside of noise affected areas?
Purchase Assurance Programs
What program tries to reduce aircraft noise levels in residences through replacement of windows and doors?
Soundproofing
When is soundproofing eligible? (4)
- Within the existing or future 65 dnl
- It is within a noise contour determined to be non-compatible under local noise/land use guidelines
- Structures are non compatible under Part 150 or local guidelines
- Satisfactory interior noise reduction can be achieved
What decibel level is sound insulation intended to meet?
50 dBA in the 65 DNL
What is the goal noise reduction for noise insulation projects
30-35 dBA
What is the average and maximum decibel level design objective for non-compatible public use buildings?
Avg: 45 dBA
Max: 55 dBA
James Madison’s home is within the 65 DNL contour near DFW airport. They are installing soundproofing and reduce his home’s noise level from 70 dBA to 55 dBA. Is this acceptable? What are next steps?
This is not acceptable. It is intended to meet 50 dBA
Next step is to buy an avigation easement from Mr Madison
This structure is erected to help attenuate ground level noise from airport operations.
Noise Barriers
The implementation of a preferential runway use system is exclusively the authority of what organization?
FAA
Preferential Runway Use programs can be either _________ or ________, but if _________ must have a letter of agreement in which the airlines and FAA outline the conditions of the program
Informal or Formal
What are the wind/weather limitations of preferential runway use?
- Wind must be within 90 degrees
2. Wind must not exceed 15 knots on runways clean and dry
What are the airspace limitations of preferential runway use?
Cannot adversely affect:
1) Terminal Airspace Capacity
2) Routing and sequencing
3) Potential encroachment into adjacent airspace
What might limit new flight procedures in an effort to mitigate noise with Part 150
Whether the aircraft are physically capable of performing noise abatement flight maneuvers in a safe and efficient manner
Departure and arrival procedures changed for Part 150 include which two procedures and must be reviewed by the FAA
Modified Standard Instrument Departure
Standard Terminal Arrival
Airport Use Restrictions include:
- Establishment of single event noise limit
- Establishment of a noise contour for the airport
- Requirement of specific stage of aircraft allowable
- Noise based operating fees
- Limits on # and type of operation
- Training restrictions
- Runway use restrictions
What is the FAA’s primary concern with a voluntary airport use restriction program?
1) Whether the program actually produces benefits
2) Whether the program is truly voluntary
What airport development measures are most common under Part 150
- Runway Extensions
- New Runways
- Taxiway Development
Proposed as part of a 150 study, these have been approved to facilitate preferential runway-use systems, preferred flight tracks, or other measures related to noise compatibility as long as the Part 150 documentation clearly and reasonably relates a why this helps noise compatibility measures
Navigational Aids
Who is typically responsible for zoning and land use policies?
Local Government Bodies
What are some examples of administrative measures and studies for Part 150 Noise Mitigation?
- Noise advisory Committees
- Publications for residents and users
- Capital improvement policies
Any noise benefits derived from an airport use restriction need to be _________
Quantified
What is an example of an indirect benefit you could impose from a Noise Compatibility Program?
Noise based operating fees.
The fees you collect can be used to pay for soundproofing or land acquisition
A single event sound limit is expected to use what publication?
FAA Advisory Circular 36-3 Re-estimated Airplane Noise Levels in A-Weighted Decibels
In a Part 150 program the airport operator is expected to analyze ___________
the anticipated burden on commerce for any airport use restriction
________ may not enact or enforce any law relating to regulation of rates, routes, and services of an air carrier
Local or state government
Most Part 150 recommendations involve voluntary or mandatory prohibition of what?
Engine maintenance runups at certain hours of the night or specified locations
Zoning should preclude residential property within ________ DNL contour
65
It is recommended the airport own all land within ______ DNL contour
75
Allowable uses for land with high noise levels include (4)
- Parking facilities
- Transportation Facilities
- Agriculture
- Low personnel exposure purposes
Why is the FAA interested in noise monitoring?
To determine whether any special demands on FAA equipment or ATC workload exist
Sensitive Security Information is discussed in what Aviation Regulation?
Title 49 CFR Part 1520
To protect individuals _____________ under Title 49 CFR Part 1520, a board may go into executive session
Sensitive Security Information
_________ Session are usually to discuss legal or personnel issues.
Executive
What role communicates essential information to the airport and community stakeholdes?
Public Information Officer
How do most airport directors get their job?
Appointed
What are the 3 areas an airport executive must immediately investigate to determine their level of authority
- Agreements
- Personnel
- Purchasing
A written motion adopted by a vote of the governing authority is called a
Resolution
A bundle of items that are voted on without discussion as a package is known as?
Consent Agenda
This allows topics to be discussed in a public forum before the governing body votes on it
Regular Agenda
These type of meetings allow the Airport Executive the opportunity to explain an issue in more detail, receive public feedback, and answer questions from the governing body
Public Discussion
This person is speaks to the media and needs to know the limits of information that can be commented on
Airport Spokesperson