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PSY4405 > Module 4 > Flashcards

Module 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two components of privacy?

A
  1. The right to be left alone

2. The right to exercise control over their personal information

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2
Q

What are the 3 basic guidelines for consent?

A
  1. Informed
  2. Voluntary
  3. Rational
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3
Q

What’s the best way a psychologist can communicate information to new clients?

A

A charter of rights

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4
Q

What are the 5 sections that comprise the new set of 12 Australian Privacy Principles (APPs)?

A
  1. Consideration of personal information
  2. Collection of personal information
  3. Dealing with personal information
  4. Integrity of personal information
  5. Access to, and correction of, personal information
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5
Q

What are some situations that may require the sharing of client’s confidential information?

A
  • Gathering history for assessment or giving feedback to next of kin
  • Harm to self or others
  • Court orders
  • When dealing with multiple clients
  • Payment situations (eg: Medicare)
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6
Q

What are the 4 models of confidentiality?

A
  • Absolute
  • Limited (others can access info)
  • Contractual (negotiated by a set of rules)
  • Discretionary (decided upon by clinician)
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7
Q

What things need to be included in a confidentiality contract?

A
  • Nature of the service
  • Purpose of the service
  • Estimated duration
  • Costs
  • Client’s involvement (eg: homework)
  • Risks and benefits
  • Whether a report will be written
  • Who will be providing the service (qualifications and experience)
  • Client’s right to withhold info
  • Complaints procedure
  • Limits of confidentiality
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8
Q

What are 4 conditions that oblige psychologists to disclose confidential information?

A
  • With consent of client
  • Legal obligation
  • Risk of harm
  • When consulting colleagues and using concealed identities or have client consent
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9
Q

What things should you talk about with clients with regards to confidentiality?

A
  • Get informed written consent regarding the limits to confidentiality
  • Discuss foreseeable uses of information disclosed
  • Advise the client if you are going to breach confidentiality
  • Record all communications
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10
Q

What are 5 risk factors for imminent violence?

A
  1. Active symptoms of serious mental illness (particularly command hallucinations)
  2. Impulsivity
  3. Lack of insight/disconnection from reality
  4. Lack of empathy/remorse
  5. Poor response from treatments such as anxiolytics
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11
Q

What are the 3 categories that suicidal clients can fall into?

A
  1. Those who are chronically ill etc. where the common factor is hopelessness
  2. Those who have suffered severe trauma and are in a state of chronic depression
  3. Those where suicidality is a last resort to express their pain
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12
Q

What percentage of those who die by suicide have had contact with a health professional prior to their death?

A

40%

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13
Q

What percentage of those who die by suicide have experienced a mental health condition prior to their death?

A

90%

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14
Q

What things need to be covered in a suicide risk assessment?

A
  • Specific suicide plan
  • Beliefs about suicide and intentions
  • Access to means/method
  • Relevant personal and family history
  • Degree of hopelessness, depression and impulsivity
  • Recent events
  • Alcohol/drug use
  • Resources available
  • Any non-suicidal future plans
  • Demographics
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15
Q

What are some demographic factors that can increase one’s likelihood of suicide?

A
  • Male and between 25 and 44 years, or over 70
  • Rurality
  • Member of minority group
  • Migrant
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16
Q

What would someone with a low risk of suicide present like? What would you do for them?

A
  • Currently unwell, or no current problems

- Face-to-face assessment within 1 month, or within 7 days if just discharged

17
Q

What would someone with a medium risk of suicide present like? What would you do for them?

A
  • Currently unwell

- Face-face assessment within 1 week

18
Q

What would you do for someone at high risk of suicide, or medium risk with low assessment confidence or high changeability?

A

Face-to-face assessment within 24 hours

19
Q

Rossouw, Smythe, and Greener (2011) conducted qualitative research to investigate how psychologists cope with client suicides. What were the 3 themes they found?

A

1) Shock at hearing the news
2) Experiencing suicide assessment as a burden
3) Resultant professional and personal crises

20
Q

What are the 4 most important areas when considering psychological service delivery using technology?

A
  • Contracts
  • Competency
  • Confidentiality
  • Control of psychological practice and data access
21
Q

What were the 2 main findings of Kampf et al (2008) study on Australian psychologists’ perceptions of confidentiality?

A
  • 89% believed they had an ethical duty to break confidentiality and disclose information to a third party when they believed the patient was dangerous
  • 64% believed they have a legal duty to disclose confidential information about a patient they believe to be dangerous
22
Q

What are some alternative options to disclosure?

A
  • Intensify treatment or frequency of sessions
  • Recommend inpatient facility
  • Directly attempt to control the situation
23
Q

What proportion of the Australian population was born overseas?

A

1/4

24
Q

Where does Australia rank in terms of income per capita?

A

10th

25
Q

Where does Australia rank in terms of life expectancy?

A

2nd

26
Q

What are the 4 models of interpreting?

A
  • Linguistic - word-for-word, neutral
  • Psychotherapeutic/constructionist - the meaning/feeling of words is most important
  • Advocate/community interpreter
  • Cultural broker/bicultural worker - interprets not only the spoken word but also relevant cultural and contextual variables
27
Q

What is a refugee?

A

Someone who flees their home country for refuge or safety and is now without a home

28
Q

What is an asylum seeker?

A

Someone who has left their home country seeking sanctuary but their claim is yet to be assessed

29
Q

What are 3 unique practices professionals develop for working with people experiencing poverty?

A
  • Addressing power dynamics
  • Managing boundaries
  • Addressing external stressors
30
Q

What was one way that Borges’ (2014) participants changed their conceptualisation of appropriate boundaries?

A

By giving food or money to clients experiencing poverty

31
Q

What are some of the barriers to reflective practice?

A
  • Avoiding thinking about an experience because it’s uncomfortable
  • Failing to acknowledge your true feelings
  • Failing to see how your behaviour could have affected others
  • Failing to accept constructive criticism
32
Q

What are the 4 steps of reflective writing?

A
  1. Identification - select a significant experience
  2. Description - thoughts and feelings
  3. Significance - derive personal meaning
  4. Implications - how did it impact you?

PSY4405 (6 decks)

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