Module 4 Flashcards
The first and largest branch of each subclavian artery is the
Vertebral artery
Which of the following is not a branch of the external carotid artery
Ophthalmic
Periorbital circulation consist of what vessels
frontal, nasal, and supraorbital
In the intracranial circulation, what is the most important collateral pathway with an occluded ICA
Anterior communicating artery
Where is the carotid siphon located
Distally, in the cranium
Which of the following becomes an extracranial to intracranial collateral route in the presence of significant ICA disease
Supraorbital and ophthalmic arteries via ECA branches
A pulsatile mass in the neck could be an indication of
Tortuous common carotid artery
A severe neurological deficit which does not reverse itself is classified as a
Stroke
Which of the following is not related to atherosclerosis
Carotid dissection
Which is the following is an uncontrollable risk factor for cerebrovascular disease
Age
An overgrowth of collagen within the media layer of an artery, causing multiple stenosis is defined as
Fibromuscular Dysplasia
A patient presents to the vascular department with symptoms of vertigo, bilateral visual disturbances, and ataxia. You should suspect.
Vertebrobasilar insufficiency
A brachial systolic pressure difference of _____ from one arm to the other, indicates occlusion/stenosis on the side of the lower pressure.
Greater than 20 mmHg
Which of the following is a rapid growth of the intimate following carotid endarterectomy
Neointimal hyperplasia
A limitation of both duplex and transcranial Doppler imaging is
may over or underestimate the severity of a disease.
Which of the following is an abnormal spectral Doppler interpretation.
‘Filling in’ of the spectral window
Doppler waveforms from the intracranial vessels are similar to those obtained from the
Internal carotid artery
The transorbital approach for transcranial Doppler is used to study the
Carotid siphon
Which of the following is not a limitation of arteriography
Both intracranial and extracranial vessels can be assessed
The initial treatment of cerebrovascular disease is
Control and reduction of risk factors
All of the following intracranial vessels can be evaluated using the transtemporal window except
Posterior cerebral artery
Vertebral artery
Normal direction of flow in the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery flow to the transducer using the transtemporal window is
Towards the transducer
Using the transtemporal window, the normal flow in the ipsilateral posterior communicating artery is
Towards the transducer
Not visualized with temporal window approach
After an endarterectomy stenosis can occur due to proliferation of intimal cells. This is referred to as
Neointimal hyperplasia
