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Chemistry > Module 4 > Flashcards

Module 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Standard average

A

Sum of all divided by quantity
(A + B ) / 2

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2
Q

Weighted average

A

Summation of percent by total . Percents must equal 100%
.80 (100) + .20 (359) =151.8

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3
Q

Subatomic particles categories

A

Neutrons , protons, and electrons

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4
Q

Nucleus size / mass

A

1/10,000 of a atom but is most of the atoms mass

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5
Q

Atomic Mass unit

A

u , weighs about 1.661 x 10 ^ 27

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6
Q

Subatomic properties

A

Protons (+1), Electrons (-1), Neutrons (0) .
Charge is defined as
-1.6 x 10 ^ -19 c = e

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7
Q

Relative sizes

A

Electron > proton/neutron
Nucleus > Atom

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8
Q

Atomic number

A

Symbol : Z (top # in table)
Is the number of protons in the nucleus

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9
Q

Protons

A

Determines the identity of the atom , electrons can change and it won’t effect the proton (-1)
Weighs 1.0073 u

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10
Q

Isotopes

A

The number of neutrons varies , but has the same number of protons and atomic number. Can be identified by the mass number

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11
Q

Neutrons

A

Determines the mass of the atom . If it changes it becomes a isotope
Weighs 1.0087 u

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12
Q

Mass number

A

The combination of :
Atomic number + Neutron
Proton + Neutron

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13
Q

Ions

A

The gaining or losing of electrons in atoms . Separated into Anions or Cations

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14
Q

Anion

A

When the atom gains electrons it becomes a negative charge.

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15
Q

Cation

A

When the atom loses electrons it becomes a positive charge .

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16
Q

Atomic Mass scale

A

Initially : Compared to Oxygen (O) which was 16 mass Units
Currently : Compared to Carbon (C - 12) with 12 mass units

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17
Q

Artificial Elements

A

All elements whose atomic number is greater then 92. The most stable isotope is shown on the table . Does not contribute to mass for natural elements

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18
Q

Periodic table structure

A

Similar characteristics are grouped
Vertical is properties, Horizontal is atomic number

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19
Q

Creators of periodic table

A

Dimitri mandeleev and Lother Mayer

20
Q

Periods on periodic table

A

The rows of the table

21
Q

Groups / Families of the table

A

The vertical column on the table

22
Q

1st Group / Family

A

The alkali metals , excluding hydrogen
(Contains +1 charge)

23
Q

2nd Group / Family

A

Alkaline Earth Metals
(Contains +2 charge)

24
Q

11th Group / Family

A

Known as the coinage family Consists of only
Copper (Cu) , Silver (Ag) and Gold (Au)

25
Q

17th Group / Family

A

Halogen elements
(Contains -1 charge)

26
Q

18th Group / Family

A

Noble gasses (The perfects)
Odorless and dont really react
Illuminates with voltage

27
Q

The main group of elements

A

Consists of groups 1 , 2 , 13 -> 19

28
Q

Transitional groups

A

Consists of transitional metals
Groups 3 -> 12

29
Q

Inner transition elements

A

The elements in the separate box
Not much is really knows about them

30
Q

Chemical Nomenclature definition

A

The systemic approach of naming compounds

31
Q

Chemical formula definition

A

Combining elements into a new compound
Fe + O = FE2O3

32
Q

Subscripts in elements

A

Represents how many of something there is
Ex Br2 = 2 bromine are present

33
Q

Molecular compounds (or covalent bonds)

A

A compound with 2 or more nonmetals
NaCl = Sodium + Chlorine

34
Q

Ionic Compounds

A

Exist in 3d structures
Made of a metal and non metal atom
Ex Fe + O = Iron (II) Oxygen

35
Q

Diatomic Elements (7 of them)

A

Elements that only exist in pairs
Hydrogen (H), Nitrogen (N), Oxygen (O),
Fluorine (F), Chlorine (C), Bromine (Br), Iodine (I)

36
Q

Allotropes

A

Different forms of elements , structural change
Ex. Oxygen , molecular form is O2, 1 more O and
its Ozone is O3.

37
Q

Binary Covalent Compounds

A

Bonds in ratios
Naming : prefix + element
Ex .
N2O is Dinitrogen Monoxide
OF2 is Oxygen Difluoride

38
Q

Prefix for 1

A

Mon (o)
(Sometimes drop letter)

39
Q

Prefix for 2

A

Di

40
Q

Prefix for 3

A

Tri

41
Q

Prefix for 4

A

Tetra

42
Q

Prefix for 5

A

Pent (a)
(Sometimes drop letter)

43
Q

Prefix for 6

A

Hex (a)
(Sometimes drop letter)

44
Q

Prefix for 7

A

Hept (a)
(Sometimes drop letter)

45
Q

Prefix for 8

A

Oct (a)
(Sometimes drop letter)

46
Q

Prefix for 9

A

Non (a)
(Sometimes drop letter)

47
Q

Prefix for 10

A

Dec (a)
(Sometimes drop letter)

Chemistry (5 decks)

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