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Kas 1 > Module 4 > Flashcards

Module 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Two countries considered as rising maritime power in EU during 15th-16th century

A

Spain and Portugal

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2
Q

Also known as Spice Islands

A

Maluku/Moluccas

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3
Q

Treaty that designated the east-west division of Spain and Portugal.

A

Treaty of Tordesillas

(Tortillas have a left half and a right half)

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4
Q

Treaty that assigned Brazil to Portugal by moving the line further west.

A

Treaty of Zaragoza

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5
Q

6 Spanish Expeditions to the Archipelago

A
  1. Magellan-Elcano (1518-1521)
  2. Loaisa (1525)
  3. Cabot (1526)
  4. Saavedra (1527)
  5. Villalobos (1542-1546)
  6. Legazpi (1564)
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6
Q

One of the early Filipinos who resisted the intrusion of the Europeans

A

Lapu-lapu

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7
Q

Battle where Lapu-lapu defeated Magellan

A

Battle of Mactan

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8
Q

Led the expedition back to Spain after Magellan’s death

A

Sebastian El Cano

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9
Q

Who was the first to circumnavigate the globe?

A

Sebastian El Cano

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10
Q

Italian scholar that documented El Cano’s expedition

A

Antonio Pigafetta (First Voyage Around the World)

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11
Q

The only surviving ship in Magellan-Elcano expedition

A

Victoria

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12
Q

Expedition that departed from Mexico in November 1542 and reached Mindanao in 1543.

A

Villalobos Expedition
(Ruy de Villalobos)

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13
Q

Villalobos set a colony in this island and ordered men to plant corns

A

Sarangani Island

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14
Q

Notable contribution of the Villalobos expedition

A

Renaming of Leyte (Tendaya/Kandaya) to Les Phelipinas by Bernardo de la Torre. In honor of Philip II, then crown prince

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15
Q

Who led the Legazpi-Urdaneta expedition

A

Miguel Lopez de Legazpi

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16
Q

Legazpi reached Cebu and had entered a blood compact between _________ and _________. What year did this take place?

A

Si Katunaw and Si Gala. 1965.

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17
Q

The first Spanish town in Cebu was named _______.

A

Villa de San Miguel

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18
Q

3 instructions of Philip II to Legazpi

A
  1. to bring back to Mexico samples of Philippine-grown spices
  2. to discover return route to Mexico
  3. to not proceed to Maluku
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19
Q

Who discovered the route that traverses the Pacific Ocean back to Mexico that utilizes the seasonal winds. This route was famously known as?

A

Fr. Andres de Urdaneta.
Urdaneta Passage.

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20
Q

This route was later on used by the ________

A

Galleon ships

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21
Q

Exploratory mission sent by Legazpi towards north in search of a more fertile land was spearheaded by __________.

A

Martin de Goiti.

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22
Q

Year of the arrival of de Goiti to Manila

A

1571

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23
Q

What was the title of ciudad de Manila?

A

La insigne y siempre leal ciudad (“Distinguished and ever loyal city”).

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24
Q

Appointed as first governor general and granted the title “Adelantado de Filipinas”

A

Miguel Lopez de Legazpi

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25
Ruling polities before the establishment of the Spanish city in Manila
Rajah Sulayman/Soliman Lakandula and Matanda of Maynila and Tondo
26
Battle between Spaniards and the locals of Manila
Battle of Bangkusay
27
6 Spanish Political and Economic Institutions
1. Frailocracia/Soberania Monacal 2. Reduccion 3. Encomienda System 4. Polo y Servicio 5. Galleon Trade 6. Plan General Economico
28
3 aims of Spain in colonizing PH
(1) establishment of trading presence in the Far East (2) evangelization of the Christian faith in Asia (3) expansion of its imperial rule
29
The Spaniard employed these strategies which is possible because of the absence of organized power in PH.
1. Divide and rule strategy (divide et empera) 2. Alliances 3. Battles
30
Which position ruled the Philippines?
Gobernador y capitan–general (governor and capitan general)
31
3 roles of the governor general
(1) commander in-chief of the army and navy (2) president of the Real Audiencia (Supreme Court) (3) vice-real patron
32
Title at the provincial/local level
Alcalde mayor (Provincial governor)
33
Title at the municipal level
Gobernadorcillo (little governor)
34
Title at the barrio level
Cabeza de barangay
35
T or F: The highest position a Filipino citizen can attain during the time was alcalde mayor.
FALSE. Gobernadorcillo.
36
Spanish-based institutions whose main task was to check the exercise of power of the Spanish royal officials in the archipelago from abuses and corruption
Residencia and Visita
37
Termed the power dynamics as Frailocracia (friarocracy) and La Soberania Monacal (monastic supremacy)
Marcelo H. del Pilar
38
It aimed to regroup the scattered Filipino communities into compact, planned and controlled Spanish cities and towns in the archipelago.
Reduccion
39
Aside from regrouping the Filipinos, this was also the aim of Reducccion
Evangelizing them to be devoted Christians
40
The plaza complex system was composed of which buildings?
Church School Government buildings Hospital Cemeteries
41
Famous reduccion systems
Intramuros in Manila, Vigan in Ilocos Sur
42
Encomienda came from the Spanish root word __________
encomendar (to trust)
43
2 Kinds of Encomienda
Royal or crown - lands reserved for crowns Private - granted to indiv. who were either King's/Queen's protege or men who served merit during conquest
44
The encomienda system was abolished little by little and replaced by ____________.
alcaldia
45
Encomienda System's contribution to PH
The unjust and unfair conditions had planted the seed of discontent of many Filipinos that will eventually lead to the sporadic uprising across PH.
46
Forced community labor
Polo y Servicios
47
Demographic of polistas (drafted laborers)
Filipinos or Chinese male mestizos from 16 to 60 yrs old
48
Exemption by payment
falla
49
It referred to a mercantilist and exclusivist trading and shipment between Spain and Far East.
Galleon trade (Acapulco galleon)
50
Two main ships during the Galleon trade
Capitana (flagship) Almiranta (admiral ship)
51
What was Mexico's name during the Spanish colonial era in PH
Acapulco de Juarez
52
Introduced the general economic plan as solution to address the huge losses from Galleon trade
Governor General Jose Basco y Vargas
53
Company that would finance the economic plans and provide projects promoting scientific knowledge and technical skills to the public.
Royal Company of the Philippines (It failed)
54
Term describing that Spanish decents and Christians were considered higher ranks in social hierarchy.
Limpieza de sangre (purity of blood)
55
They rose into ranks when converted to Christians
Indios
56
What did the Spaniards call the Muslims of Mindanao?
Moriscos/Moros
57
Public school attached in Mosque
Madrasah
58
Stated that indios in all Spanish dominions were to be taught Spanish
Charles V decree of July 17, 1550
59
First college in Philippines
Colegio Maximo de San Ignacio
60
UST's then name
Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santissimo Rosario (established 1611, converted to university in 1645)
61
It called for a free, compulsory and public funded primary schools and an establishment of a men’s normal school to prepare educators.
Educational Decree of 1863
62
What was Jose Rizal's criticism on the educational system set by Spaniards?
He said that educational authorities could not even provide the simple books on morality, geography and the history of the Philippines “written in the language he speaks".
63
Battle that ensued in Bantaoy, Ilocos Sur
Basi Revolt
64
What was the significance of the Basi Revolt?
It was one of the first resistances by the natives caused by the inhumane treatment of Spaniards.
65
Silang Revolt & British Occupation was started by who?
Diego Silang
66
When did Silang Revolt & British Occupation start?
December 1762
67
The unscrupulous practices of which alcalde mayor instigated the Silang Revolt?
Antonio Zabala
68
What happened in May 1763
Silang allied with the British through Governor Dawsonne Drake
69
Span of years when British occupied Manila
1762 - 1764
70
Who assassinated Diego Silang?
Miguel Vicos. He was bribed by the Catholic church
71
Diego Silang's wife who lead to revolt.
Maria Josefa Gabriela de Silang

Kas 1 (3 decks)

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