Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry > Module 4 > Flashcards

Module 4 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

organic chemistry

A

study of all carbon compounds
.all non-metals so bond covalently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

alkane

A

only C-C and C-H bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

alkene

A

has C=C bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

alcohol

A

has C-O-H bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

haloalkane

A

has C-X bonds

x = halogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

carboxylic acid

A

.end carbon double bonded to an oxygen and single bonded to an OH group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

aldehyde

A

.end C double bonded to O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ketone

A

middle C double bonded to O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

suffixes

A

.alkene -ene
.alcohol -anol
.aldehydes -anal
.carboxylic acids -anoic acid
.ketone -anone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

order of prefixes

A

in alphabetaical order

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

molecular formula

A

number of atoms of each element in a molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

emprical formula

A

.simplest whole number ratio between atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

general formula

A

alkanes - CnH2n+2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

structual formula

A

how the atoms are drawn out

propane - CH3CH2CH2CH3

2-methyl-propane - CH3CH(CH3)CH3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

display formula

A

.shows every single bond in a molecular formula
.OH = O-H

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

homologous series

A

.series of chemicals all with the same functional group but differening by CH2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

functional group

A

.group of atoms which is responsible for the molecules reactivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q
A
18
Q

aromatic

A

.contains a benzene ring

19
Q

aliphatic

A

.does not contain benezene ring

20
Q

alicyclic

A

.aliphatic but contains a ring(not benzene)

21
Q

structual isomers

A

.chemicals with same molecular formulas but different structual formula

22
Q

homolytic fisson

A

each atom gets one electron in the bond

23
Q

heterolytic fission

A

one atom gets both electrons in a bond

24
Q

radicals

A

atoms with an unparied electron in fisson

represented with a dot - Cl.

25
Q

.sigma bonds

A

.single bond
.you can rotate around a sigma bond as it is between the atoms

26
Q

BP of alkanes

A

.increased bp with increased size due to more electrons increasing induced dipole-dipole forces
.fewer branches = higher bp due to bigger ID-D being able to form

27
Q

complete combustion of alkanes

A

.alkane + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water

.alkane + oxygen -> carbon monoxide + water

28
Q

free radical substituion

A

.initiation-
#Cl2 -uvlight-> 2Cl.

propagation-
#Cl. + CH4 -> HCl + .CH3
#.CH3 + Cl2 -> CH3Cl

termination-
#2Cl. -> Cl2
#Cl. + .CH3 -> CH3Cl

limitations-
2CH3. -> C2H6
.making further substituted products

29
Q

PI bonds

A

.electron density above and below the atoms
.comes from overlapping p orbitals
.cant rotate the bond

30
Q

C=C bonds

A

.has pi and sigma bonds

31
Q

stereoisomers(alkenes)

A

same structual formula but different arrangements in space

.cis - same groups same side
.trans - same groups oppo side

Z- higher relative atomic mass on same side

E- higher relative atomic mass on oppo side

32
Q

addition reaction(alkenes)

A

.break a bond on the double bond and replace it with an atom on each C

.adding H = needs H2 + nickel catalyst
.adding water = needs H2O gas and phosphoric acid = one C has H other has OH

33
Q

addition polymerisation(alkene)

A

.adding alkenes together

[-c-c-]n

34
Q

electrophile

A

.electron pair acceptor

35
Q

alcohols

A

.make H-bonds with water - soluble in water
.so has high mp/bp

36
Q

types of alcohols

A

.primary - C attached to one other C
.secondary- C attached to two other C
tetiary- C attached to three other C

37
Q

oxidation of alcohols

A

.needs oxidising agent [O]
.removes two H and releases H2O
.doesnt occur in tertiary

38
Q

primary

A

.oxidised to make aldehyde and oxidised again to make carboxylic acid
.needs 2[O]

39
Q

secondary

A

.oxidised to make ketone

40
Q

elemination of water in alcohols

A

.remove OH group and H from a carbon bonded to the OH Carbon
.forms alkene and H2O
.you need phosphoric acid for reaction + reflux

41
Q

subsitution of halogens in alcohols

A

.swap OH group with halogen
.need acid and halide solution like HCl

42
Q

nucleophillic subsitution reaction of haloalkanes with hydroxide ions

A

.add OH-
.OH swaps with halogen

43
Q

nucleophile

A

donate a pair of electrons

Chemistry (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions