Module 4 Flashcards
Which of the following bones of the neurocranium form part of the calvaria? Select all that apply
-Frontal
-Parietal
-Sphenoid
-Ethmoid
-Occipital
-Temporal
Frontal, Parietal, Occipital
Explanation:
The calvaria or roof of the neurocranium is composed of 4 bones; the frontal bone; the paired parietal bones; and the occipital bone.
Which suture of the skull joins the frontal and parietal bones?
-sagittal
-coronal
-lambdoid
Coronal
Which of the following are key features of the external surface of the cranial base located on the temporal bone? Select all that apply.
-occipital condyle
-external acustic meatus
-nuchal lines
-mastoid process
-hypoglossal canal
-styloid process
-external acoustic meatus
-mastoid process
-styloid process
Which cranial fossa supports the frontal lobe of the brain?
-Anterior
-Middle
-Posterior
Anterior
Which of the following are key features of the middle cranial fossa? Select all that apply.
-cribiform plate
-optic canals
-foramen ovale
-jugular foramen
-foramen rotundum
-Internal acoustic meatus
optic canal
foramen ovale
foramen rotundum
Which of the following cranial nerves travels through the foramen ovale?
Ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve (CN V1)
Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (CN V2)
Mandiular division of the trigeminal nerve (CN V3)
Mandibular divison of the trigeminal nerve (CNV3)
Which structure transmits the oculomotor, trochlear and abducent nerves?
Optic canals
Superior orbital fissure
Stylomastoid foramen
superior orbital fissure
True or False: The lacrimal, zygomatic and nasal bones are paired bones of the viscerocranium.
True
What bones articulate to form the temporomandibular joint?
Mandible and temporal bones
Mandible and occipital bones
Maxilla and temporal bones
Mandible and temporal bones
True or False: The mandible allows for three degrees of freedom: elevation/depression, protraction/ retraction, and lateral excursions.
True synovial joint
The ethmoid, sphenoid, maxillary and lacrimal bones make up which wall of the body orbit?
Superior
Inferior
Medial
Lateral
Medial
Which of the following structures of the lacrimal apparatus collects lacrimal fluid and conveys It to the lacrimal sac?
Lacrimal gland
Canaliculi
Nasolacrimal duct
Canaliculi
Explanation
The canaliculi take up lacrimal fluid that accumulates in the lacrimal lake (located at the medial angle of the eye). The lacrimal gland produces lacrimal fluid . The nasolacrimal duct allows fluid that has been conveyed to the lacrimal sac to pass to the nasopharynx.
Adduction/ abduction movement of the eyeball occur around a vertical axis of rotation.
True
LR 6 SO 4 AO3
LR= Lacteral rectus innervated by cranial nerve 6
SO= Superior oblique innervated by cranial nerve 4
AO= All Other innervated by cranial nerve 3
What are the two deep muscles of mastication? Select all that apply
-Masseter
-Temporalis
-Lateral Pterygoid
-Medial Pterygoid
Lateral Pterygoid
Medial Pterygoid
What are the superficial muscles of mastication? Select all that apply
-Masseter
-Temporalis
-Lateral Pterygoid
-Medial Pterygoid
Masseter
Temporalis
What does “process of mastication” mean?
chewing food
Name:
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:
Name: Temporalis
Origin: Floor of temporal fossa & deep surface of temporal fascia
Insertion: Zygomatic arch
Innervation: Mandibular branch V3 of the Trigeminal nerve CN V
Action: Elevating and retracting mandible (closing jaw)
Name:
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:
Name: Masseter
Origin: Inferior border and medial surface of the zygomatic arch
Insertion: Ramus & Coronoid process
Innervation: *Manibular branch V3 of Trigeminal nerve CNV
Action: Elevation & Protraction of the mandible (closing jaw)
Name:
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:
Name: Lateral Pterygoid
Origin: Greater wing od sphenoid bone & lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone
Insertion: Mandible (the neck); articular disc and capsule of TMJ joint
Innervation: Mandibular branch V3 of Trigeminal Nerve CNV
Action: Depressions & protraction of mandible (opening jaw) & lateral excursion toward contralateral side (large chewing movements)
Name:
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:
Name: Medial Pterygoid
Origin: Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate & Maxilla
Insertion: Medial surface of the ramus of the mandible
Innervation: Mandibular branch V3 of Trigeminal nerve (CN V)
Action: Elevation (minor) & protraction of mandible (minor), small lateral excursion (grinding movements)
Which of the following muscles has an insertion point on the lateral surface of the ramus of the mandible?
Lateral Pterygoid
Medial Pterygoid
Masseter
Temporalis
Masseter
Retraction of the jaw is produced by which of the following muscles?
Temporalis
Masseter
Medial Pterygoid
Lateral Pterygoid
Temporalis
*temporalis is the only muscle of mastication that retracts the jaw
All muscles of the soft palate are innervated what nerve? .. with the exception of what muscle that is innervated by what nerve?
All are innervated by (CN X/ Vagus nerve) except for= tensor veli palatine: CN V3/ mendibular trigeminal nerve
Which of the following structures extends from the soft palate to the base of the tongue forming a boundary between the oral cavity and the oropharynx?
Soft Palate
Palatoglossal arch
Palatopharyngeal arch
Palatoglossal arch
Which nerve innervates all of the muscles of the soft palate with the exception of tensor veli palatini?
-Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve CNV3
-Branches of Vagus nerve CNX
- Branches of the facial nerve
Branches of the Vagus Nerve (CNX)
Which of the following structures marks the division between the anterior and posterior parts of the tongue?
Median Sulcus
Terminal Sulcus
Frenulum
Terminal Sulcus
Which of the following muscles allows us to produce (stick out) our tongue?
Palatoglossus
Hypoglossus
Styloglossus
Genioglossus
Genioglossus
Which of the following nerves provides special sensory innervation to the tongue? Select all that apply.
-facial nerve
-glossopharyngeal nerve
-hypoglossal nerve
-trigeminal nerve
Facial and Glossopharyngeal nerve
Explanation: Trigeminal nerve nerve provides general sensory innervation. Hypoglossal provides motor innervation to tongue
Which branch of the carotid artery supplies structures of the head and face that are located outside of the cranium?
Internal
External
External
Explanation: Internal carotid supplies the brain
How many branches of the facial nerve supply the muscles of facial expression?
1
3
5
5
Explanation:
There are 5 branches of the facial nerve that supply the muscles of facial expression: temporal, Zygomatic, Buccal, Mandibular, Cervical
What is the most important function of the facial nerve for OT practice?
-Innervation of the lacrimal and salivary glands
-Innervation of the muscles of facial expression
-Taste sensation to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue
Innervation of the muscles of facial expression
Which of the following muscles is important for wrinkling the forehead?
Platysma
Zygomatic major and minor
Corrugator Supercilli
Frontalis
Frontalis
Dysfunction in which of the following muscles may result in your patient pocketing food in their mouth during eating?
Risorius
Buccinator
Depressor Anguli Oris
Depressor Labii
Buccinator
Name
Function
Innervation
Frontalis
Function: Wrinkle forehead and pull up the orbicularis oculi and the procerus i.e. surprise, or emphasis in facial expression
Nerve: Temporal Branch
Name
Anatomy
Function
Innervation
Corrugator Supercilli
Anatomy: Small diagonal muscle that goes through the Frontalis
Function: Pulls the skin between the eyebrows meidally towards the nose causing wrinkling in this area
Nerve: Temporal and Zygomatic branches
Name
Anatomy
Function
Innervation
Procerus
Anatomy: Lies between the medial ends of corrugator
Function- pulls medial portion of the eyebrows down towards the nose, wrinkling the upper portion of the nose i.e. frown, concentration, disgust
Nerve: Temporal and zygomatic
Name
Anatomy
Function
Innervation
Orbicularis Oculi Superioris &Inferioris
Name
Anatomy
Function
Innervation
Nasalis: Dilator Naris
Name
Anatomy
Function
Innervation
Nasalis: Compressor Naris
Name
Anatomy
Function
Innervation
Levator Labii Alaeque Nasi
Name
Anatomy
Function
Innervation
Levator Labii Superioris
Name
Anatomy
Function
Innervation
Levator Anguli Oris
Name
Anatomy
Function
Innervation
Zygomaticus Minor & Major
Name
Anatomy
Function
Innervation
Risorius
Name
Anatomy
Function
Innervation
Buccinator
Name
Anatomy
Function
Innervation
Orbicularis Oris Superioris and Inferioris
Name
Anatomy
Function
Innervation
Depressor Anguli Oris and Depressor Labii
Name
Anatomy
Function
Innervation
Mentalis
Trigeminal Neuralgia
Sensory Disorder of the sensory root of (CN V)
Where does the face VS the back of head receive sensory innervation from?
Face (front of head) receives sensory innervation by the trigeminal nerve* (CN V)
V1: Ophalmic
V2 Maxillary
V3 Mandibular
Back of Head: Spinal cutaneous nerve (C2 - C3)
Name the foramen: and its innervations
What is the muscle that is active when sticking out tongue (if left part of it contracts it will move to the right)
Genioglossus
Which of the following structures carry axons from both somatic motor (efferent) and somatic sensory (afferent) neurons?
Dorsal root ganglion
Ventral rami
Ventral root
Dorsal root
Ventral rami
