Module 4

Question 1

Strong Sustainability

Answer 1

Natural capital cannot be substituted or replaced, must preserve natural capital and build up human capital over time - avoids risk in rebound effect of running down natural capital

Question 2

Weak Sustainability

Answer 2

human capital can substitute natural capital- the stock of natural and manufactured capital are constant/homogenous over time

Question 3

Solow Arguments

Answer 3

• Sustainability is vague and undesirable but not useless
• obligation to preserve the capacity to be as well off as we are
• Paradox: why worry about welfare of people in future and not of welfare of current poor people?

Question 4

what factors to consider when comparing sustainability of 2 things?

Answer 4

Environmental costs, lifespan, how many people will use it, manufacturing process, work conditions in production, efficiency, energy use/source, material used to make it etc

Question 5

NIMBY

Answer 5

Not In My BackYard

when residents deem changes to their neighbourhood as inappropriate or unwanted in their local area

Question 6

YIMBY

Answer 6

Yes In My BackYard

a pro housing movement in cities where housing costs have escalated/are unaffordable

Question 7

PHIMBY

Answer 7

Public Housing In My BackYard
movement to strengthen tenant protection and rent controls for current residents by increasing subsidized, low-market rate units/housing

Question 8

Zoning

Answer 8

picturing a map of a city, certain zones designated to building residential developments/industry while not allowed in other zones

Question 9

Historic Preservation

Answer 9

historians and architects worried about preservation of iconic architecture (vs preservation of a ex. gas station)

Question 10

FAR

Answer 10

Floor Area Ratio
measurement of the buildings floor area to the size of lot it covers
(building area/lot area)

Question 11

Twin critiques of consumption

Answer 11

1- more consumption now may not be better for future wellbeing (sustainability problem)
2- Over consumption does not necessarily correlate with high life satisfaction

Question 12

factors that effect how people view life satisfaction

Answer 12

Material: income, life expectancy

non-material: friends, trust, giving and freedom

Question 13

Fortuitous Truth

Answer 13

promoting sustainability is not necessarily good for well-being and vice versa

Question 14

Happiness as a CAP

Answer 14

we may all be better off if we reduced consumption and put that money towards something else

Question 15

Affective State vs Cognitive evaluation

Answer 15

2 concepts of well-being: Affective State: same as emotional state, how happy are you based on recent times?
Cog. eval: life satisfaction over long term

Question 16

Easterlin Paradox

Answer 16

At a point in time, happiness varies directly with income both among and within nations but overtime happiness does not continue to trend upward as income continues to grow