module 3.2 Flashcards
EVOLUTION OF SETTLEMENTS
NOMADISM
SEMI NOMADISM
VILLAGE
TOWN
CITY
METROPOLIS/CONURBATION
MEGALOPOLIS
FUTURE SETTLEMENTS
- Oldest presettlement form
- Small, primitive group to early animal
domestication
NOMADISM
Nomadic communities
Biblical representations
Sami family in Norway (ca. 1900)
Badjao (Sulu)
Bedouins (present)
Mongolian (present)
Aetas / Agtas
NOMADISM Focused around four major sites:
- Water (river/sea)
- Hunting Sites
- Food Gathering Areas
- Natural Shelter (caves)
FOOD GATHERING -> NATURAL SHELTER -> WATER -> HUNTING SITES
CLASSICAL WANDERING PATTERN
Characteristics of NOMADISM that later influenced settlement patterns and land use
- Communal way of life
- Tribal loyalty (Kinship)
- Sophisticated Sociopolitical System
- nomadism and some forms of settlement
- Domestication of animals and plants -> SEASONAL settlement
SEMI-NOMADISM
SEMI-NOMADISM IS THE DISCOVERY OF ______ AND POSSIBLE ______
AGRICULTURE ; STORAGE
SEMI-Nomadic communities
Agta (Sierra Madre Mountains)
Dumagat
= Baranggay -> “balangay,” = boats that early Filipinos used to settle in communities. It became the official term for villages during the Marcos regime in 1974, replacing the term “barrio.”
= Barrio (Spanish)
Village
The Village
How did agriculture begin?
Perhaps by ACCIDENT (unintentional)
ANIMAL DOMESTICATION
Animal Domestication is originally for __________ reasons (Sacrifices/ Religious Practices/Pets/ Decors)
non-economic
Basic Stages of Agriculture (in idealized, arid/ semi-arid climates)
” Smart Plans Create Fertile Soil In Gardens, Harvesting some more Crops”
- Site Development
- Planning
- Cultivating
- Fertilizing
- Seedling
- Irrigating
- Guarding
- Harvesting
- Storing
- Marketing
- Consuming
Agriculture:
- necessitated _______ location
- ________ soil and water
- required a ______ _______
PERMANENT
SUITABLE
LONG PROCESS
Agriculture
- first time man ________ the natural landscape
Impact is limited
- Technology
- Prevent harm to the natural balance of environment
INFLUENCED
“AGRICULTURAL HEARTHS”
Philippines = _____
BALTER 2007
RICE
______ ______: Increasing dependence on cultivars for food ;
decreasing dependence on WILD PLANTS for food
PLANT DOMESTICATION
Evolution of Food production Form Plants
Food PROCUREMENT from Wild Plants
Food PRODUCTION from wild plants dominant
CROP PRODUCTION dominant
It took a good ______ years before agriculture became a main source of food production
5000
Creation of village is a result of growing maturity:
- Social
- Social closeness and security
- Place of worship
- Ceremonial gatherings AND celebration
- Economic
- Mutual responsibility, cooperation
- Political
- Tribal leadership
=Bayan/Municipality
TOWN
- regional growth centers
- preservation of food
- improved transportation
- Trade and adventure
HOWEVER, NO ___ _____
SOCIAL UNITY
